The Gilded Age (Chapters 17, 18, and 19) Flashcards
TLW analyze events which caused the transformation of the United States during the late nineteenth century.
William J. Bryan
-Versed William McKinley (Rep 25th)
-Bryan fought for the Populist
-“Cross of Gold”
-Scared business leaders
an American lawyer, orator, and politician
Populist Party
-4 groups made up (Coalition of Alliance Members, Farmers, Labor leaders, Reformers)
-Wants (Graduated income tax, Bank regulations, Gov’t owned)
an agrarian populist political party in the United States in the late 19th century
Triangle Shirtwaist
-3/25/1911
-500 employees (Jewish/Italian women)
-8th floor
-FIRE!
-146 women died
the deadliest industrial disaster in the history of the city, and one of the deadliest in U.S. history
direct primary
-Corruption
-Deadlock
-Public Demand
elections that are held to determine which candidates will run for an upcoming general election
AFL
-American Federation of Labor
-Founded by Samuel Gompers (excluded unskilled workers)
a national federation of labor unions in the United States that continues today as the AFL-CIO
W.E.B. Dubois
-Prominent African American
-Fisk University & Harvard University
-Different from Booker T. Washington
an American sociologist, socialist, historian, and Pan-Africanist civil rights activist
Eugene Debs
-SOC
an American socialist, political activist, trade unionist, one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), and five-time candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States
Wobblies
-Boycotts
-Strikes
-Industrial sabotages
an international labor union founded in Chicago in 1905
“Free Silver”
-$ backed up by silver
a major economic policy issue in the United States in the late 19th century
Ballinger-Pinchot affair
-Private interest over Conservation
-Ballinger sold coal-rich Alaska land
a dispute between high level officials in the U.S. government regarding whether or not the federal government should allow private corporations to control water rights, or instead cut them off so that the wilderness would be protected from capitalist greed
Progressivism
-Focused o urban problems (Workers plight, Poor sanitation, Corrupt political machines)
a left-leaning political philosophy and reform movement that seeks to advance the human condition through social reform – primarily based on purported advancements in social organization, science, and technology
“Boss” Tweed
-William Marcy Tweed
-Tammany Hall
-Graft (getting money through illegal or dishonest ways)
-Over $200 Million
an American politician most notable for being the political boss of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party’s political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th-century New York City and State
trust-busting
-Enforcing the Sherman Antitrust Act
-ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission)
-Elkins Act (Railroad equality)
-Hepburn Act (set railroad rates)
the act of pushing for antitrust measures or attacking monopolistic companies (known as trusts)
Big Bill Haywood
-William “Big Bill” Haywood
-Chicago 1905
-Opposed Capitalism
-Denounced AFL
-Philly $1.25 to $4
an American labor organizer and founding member and leader of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and a member of the executive committee of the Socialist Party of America
“The Jungle”
-Upton Sinclair
-Protecting the Consumer
a novel by American muckraker author Upton Sinclair, known for his efforts to expose corruption in government and business in the early 20th century
Ida Tarbell
-Took on Rockefeller
-Wrote 19 articles on Standard Oil Company
an American writer, investigative journalist, biographer, and lecturer
political machines
-Helped the poor
-Helped the working class
a party organization that recruits its members by the use of tangible incentives (such as money or political jobs) and that is characterized by a high degree of leadership control over member activity
Ulysses S. Grant
-First Term (TWO SCANDALS)
-Second Term (Whisky Scandal)
the 18th president of the United States, serving from 1869 to 1877
initiative
-5-15% petition
the United States jumped to the lead in industrialization ahead of Britain
16th Amendment
-Taxes based on income
allows Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states on the basis of population
17th Amendment
established the direct election of United States senators in each state
18th Amendment
-BANNING OF ALCOHOL
-1919 to 1933
established the prohibition of alcohol in the United States
19th Amendment
-Woman full voting rights
prohibits the United States and its states from denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States on the basis of sex, in effect recognizing the right of women to vote
Gifford Pinchot
-Conservation
-Reclamation
-National Park Service (32 parks to 149!)
an American forester and politician
