Expansion (Chapters 8, 9 and 10) Flashcards
Santa Anna
-Mexican President
-invaded Texas
a Mexican soldier, politician, and caudillo who served as the 8th president of Mexico multiple times between 1833 and 1855
Frederick Douglas
-Escaped slave/leader of liberty
an African American abolitionist, orator, newspaper publisher, and author
“The Liberator”
-William Lloyd Garrison
-newspaper against slavery
weekly newspaper of abolitionist crusader William Lloyd Garrison for 35 years
James K. Polk
-11th
-wants to add Texas/NM/Cali
-1 term
-Secured Oregon terr. Treaty of Oregon from Britain
-Cali and NM
-Reduced tariffs
the 11th president of the United States, serving from 1845 to 1849
Kit Carson
-Navajo raid
-Long walk of Navajo
an American frontiersman, trapper, soldier and Indian agent who made important contributions to the westward expansion of the United States
Nat Turner
-after his rebellion, it became illegal to teach Africans
-Most influential
an enslaved Black American who led the only effective, sustained slave rebellion (August 1831) in U.S. history
Sutter’s Mill
-Gold
-300000 people move to California
-49ers
a water-powered sawmill on the bank of the South Fork American River in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada in California
Horace Mann
-Started public school systems
US editor and politician
Winfield Scott
-Vera Cruz
an American military commander and political candidate
William Lloyd Garrison
-“The Liberator”
-abolitionists (against slavery)
an American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer
Battle of San Jacinto
-Sam Houston led
-Pres. of Republic of Texas
the decisive battle of the Texas Revolution
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
-Seneca Falls
an American writer and activist who was a leader of the women’s rights movement in the U.S. in the 19th century and formulated the first demand for women’s suffrage in 1848
Dorothea Dix
-fought for mental illness awareness
-helped separate mentally ill from criminals in prisons
an American educator, social reformer, and humanitarian
Mexican War
-President James K. Polk (11th) wants to add Texas/NM/Cali
-Stephen Kearny seized New Mexico
-Winfield Scott (Vera Cruz)
-Guadalupe Hidalgo & Gadsden Purchase
an invasion of Mexico by the United States Army from 1846 to 1848
Forty-Niners
-Very few rich
-Population boost
a prospector in the California gold rush of 1849
Harriet Tubman
-The Underground Railroad
-Network built to help slaves escape
-made 19 trips and saved 300 slaves
an American abolitionist and social activist
Sam Houston
-led the Battle of San Jacinto
-Pres. of Republic of Texas
an American general and statesman
Gadsden Purchase
-US bought land from Mexico
-$10 Million
-attempt at peace
a transaction in 1853 where the United States acquired a strip of territory from Mexico
Guadalupe Hidalgo
-Ends war
-Mexican Cession
-California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona
ended the Mexican-American War and ceded a significant portion of Mexico’s territory to the United States
Davy Crockett
-defended the Alamo
US frontiersman, soldier, and politician
Irish
-take any job, Dangerous/Low pay
relating to Ireland, its people, or the Celtic language traditionally and historically spoken there
Germans
-take any job, Dangerous/Low pay
the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language
Mormons
-Joseph Smith
-Plural Marriage
a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism, the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement started by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s
Whigs
-supported the American Revolution
-hated King Andrew
an American colonist who supported the American Revolution
Oregon Territory
-Secured by President Polk Treaty of Oregon from Britain
an organized incorporated territory of the United States
Lyman Beecher
-Fiery Preacher against alcohol
a Presbyterian minister
Seneca Falls
-Fight for Women’s Rights
-led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton
the first women’s rights convention in the United States
Henry David Thoreau
-Transcendentalism
naturalist, essayist, poet, and philosopher
Manifest Destiny
-John O’Sullivan
-justified/inevitable
-Western Hemisphere
-1800 pop: 5 mill, 1850 pop: 23 mill
-Destiny out west
the idea that the United States is destined—by God, its advocates believed—to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across the entire North American continent
Abolitionists
-against slavery
a person who favors the abolition of a practice or institution, especially capital punishment or (formerly) slavery
