SEM I FINAL EXAM Flashcards by Hayley Masterson

French-Indian War

-1753-1760
-Benjamin Franklin

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Shays Rebellion

-Depression
-Daniel Shays
-Rebellion Crushed

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Articles of Confederation

-Republican Ideals (Republicanism - power from the people)
-John Locke (remove gov that didn’t protect rights, 3 natural rights - life, liberty, property)

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Boston Massacre

-March 5, 1770
-2 British regiments (4000 troops)
-50-60 colonists taunt soldiers
-3 colonists killed - 2 die later
-John Adams defends British troops in court

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13 Colonies

-Maryland
-Virginia
-N. Carolina
-S. Carolina
-Georgia
-New Jersey
-New York
-New Hampshire
-Delaware
-Massachusetts
-Connecticut
-Pennsylvania
-Rhode Island

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Dec. of Ind.

-Author: Thomas Jefferson
-Traitors to crown, failure meant imprisonment or death
-Preamble: Natural Rights - Life, Liberty and property (all men are created equal, grievances against the King, colonies no longer hold allegiances to Britain)

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Stamp Act

-1765
-Taxes on all printed items

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Yorktown

-(1781)
-Cornwallis (BR) surrounded by Washington
-Lafayette and French fleet
-British surrender

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Common Sense

-Thomas Payne
-Pamphlet
-Argued divorce Britain

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Battle of Saratoga

-1777
-Burgoyne (BR) marched South from Canada to attack, met up with Howe (BR)
-Horatio Gates defeated Redcoats
-Benedict Arnold heroic
-Turning point in war - French declare war on Britain/later Spain joined

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Alexander Ham.

-Secretary of Treasury
-Established Nat. Bank

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Thomas Jefferson

-Author of Declaration of Independence
-Secretary of State
-Rep

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Great Compromise

-Roger Sherman
-Bi cameral: Upper-Senate: Equality - each state has two senators chosen by state legislators (foreign affairs)
-Lower-House of Representative: Based on population, elected by the people (*435)

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Bill of Rights

-Anti-Federalists demanded individual protections
-Henry and S. Adams)

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Fort McHenry

-Francis Scott Key (Star Spangled Banner)

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Lewis and Clark

-45 explorers
-Sacagawea & York

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Missouri Compromise

-New States slaves/free
-Missouri & Maine added
-Slavery boundary (36°30°, south slaves, north NO slaves)
-Slaves classified as property
-Violates 5th Amendment

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Horace Mann

-Started public school systems

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Monroe Doctrine

-No Europe settlement in USA
-USA would fight to defend
-Isolationism

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Louisiana Purchase

-James Monroe (Sect. of State)
-Napoleon offers all of Louisiana
-DOUBLED the size of America
-Lewis & Clark
-Zebulon Pike
-TJ made America bigger

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Dorothea Dix

-Fight for Women’s Rights
-Mental Health

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Lyman Beecher

-Fiery Preacher against alcohol

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The Alamo

-Spanish Fort
-William Travis, Davy Crockett, Jim Bowie

Manifest Destiny

-John O’Sullivan
-justified/inevitable
-Western Hemisphere
-1800 pop 5 mill
-1850 pop 23 mill

Mexican War

-President James K. Polk (11th) -Stephen Kearny -Winfield Scott -Guadalupe Hidalgo -Gaddsen Purchase

Sam Houston

-led Battle of San Jacinto

Santa Anna

-Mexican President -invaded Texas

Homestead Act

-1862 -Receive land after 5 years Must Farm

Compromise of 1850

-N & S Compromise -CA is Free -Abolish Slave Trade (Not Slavery) -Pay Texas $10 Million for NM -NM divided into NM & UT -Popular Sovereignty -Tougher Fugitive Slave Law

Abolitionists

-against slavery

Dred Scott Case

-Slave -Emerson is his owner -Roger B. Taney (Supreme Court Justice)

Bleeding Kansas

-Fighting over Kansas -Elections in Kansas -Violence in Kansas

John Brown

-Abolitionist -Pottawatomie Massacre -Went into hiding -Violence carried into the senate -Charles Sumner beaten by Preston Brooks

Gettysburg

-Lee (Confederates) need this! -Meade replaces Hooker (Union) -Confed lost 1/3 of their men -Union won -Turning point of Civil War

Freedmen's Bureau

-Gov Agency to help former slaves -Food, clothing, employment, schools

Southern Adv.

-Defensive War -Superior Military Officers -Superior Riders/Shooters -Home field

Northern Adv.

larger population, greater industrial capacity, superior transportation networks, superior food supply, powerful navy

Emancipation Proclamation

-issued by Lincoln -Slaves in Confederate states would be freed -would announce after a Union battle victory -issued January 1st, 1863 -Pres. Lincoln's plan -ALL slave free -Antietam

Abe Lincoln

-16th -won with only 40% of popular vote -Unify the nation

Plessy V. Ferguson

-Supreme Court ruled that businesses could be segregated if facilities were equal -S.C. segregation as long as equal

Populist Party

-4 groups made up -Graduated income tax -Gov't owned -"Free Silver" -Immigration restrictions -Short work day -Voting reform

Triangle Shirtwaist

-Company -3/25/1911 -500 employees (Jewish/Italian women) -8th floor -FIRE! -146 women died

Trust-busting

-Enforcing the Sherman Antitrust Act -ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission) -Elkins Act (Railroad equality) -Hepburn Act (set railroad rates)

Muckrakers

-Teddy Roosevelt -Investigative Journalists

Political Machines

-Helped the poor -Helped the working class

Teddy Roosevelt

-VP -26th

18th

-BANNING OF ALCOHOL -1919 to 1933

19th

-Woman full voting rights

Wobblies

-Boycotts -Strikes -Industrial sabotages

Hawaii

-(1887) Bayonet Constitution -(1890) McKinley Tariff -(1891) Queen Liliuokalani -(1893) Marines Landed -(1893) Blount Report -(1894) Sanford Dole leads -(1898) US Annexed Hawaii -(1959) Hawaii 50th

Panama Canal

-Move Navy Quick -Good for trade across the world! -French Start -Problems (Geography) -America Buys it -Columbia Treaty -President TR is FURIOUS! -Bunae-Varilla (Panama) -USS Nashville prevents Columbia from landing -Panama gets independence from Columbia -Cost (6000 lives, $375 M)

USS Maine

-US Battleship explodes off Havana -260 Americans killed -"Remember the Maine to hell with Spain"

De Lome Letter

-Spanish diplomate calls President WEAK

Rough Riders

-Led by Teddy -Volunteer Force -control the Hill above Santiago during Battle of San Juan Hill

Jones Act

-1917 -Puerto Ricans given US citizenship -(1952) commonwealth of US