The Genome Flashcards
What is a genome?
All genetic information of a single organism, which has been studied, to understand genes which linked to different types of diseases.
What is a gene?
Short section of DNA, codes for many amino acids to make a specific protein.
What should be seen from DNA?
White mass should be at top of tube after 10 minutes.
Why should we add pineapple juice?
Contains enzyme, breaking down proteins attached to DNA, let’s see DNA clearly.
Why is ethanol added?
DNA to precipitate, visible at top of container.
What does the order of amino acids determine?
Aamino acids are folded to make a protein, different types and order, determines the protein. These need a specific shape.
What is involved in transcription?
2 strands of DNA are unzipped by breaking weak hydrogen bonds, which is caused by enzymes. RNA polymerase attaches to DNA in non-coding region before gene. RNA polymerase moves, which is complementary based to form mRNA. This leaves by nucleus pores.
What is involved in translation?
MRNA attaches to ribosome. For every 3 mRNA, lines up to one complmentary molecule of tRNA, which transport specific aamino acids to ribosome, this is a chain of several creating a polypeptide. This is folded to form a protien.
What was Mendels work?
Carried out breeding experiments on pea plants.
What did Mendel discover?
Offspring have characteristics that their parents have, as they inherit hereditary units. One unit is received from each parents, can be dominant, or recessive.
Why did Mendel have difficulties?
Genes and chromosomes were not discovered.
DNA?
Polymer that contains instructions for the body.
what is DNA joined by?
Small parts called nucleotides, which is made of one sugar molecule, one phosphate molecule, and one of 4b types of organic bases.
what are complmentary pair bonds?
A bases only connect T
C bases only connect G.
