The gas phase

Question 1

What is the temperature and pressure for STP?

Answer 1

273K (0C) and 1 atm

Question 2

What is the standard volume for an ideal gas (that would normally be used in the ideal gas law)?

Answer 2

22.4 L

Question 3

This principle says that at constant temperature and pressure, the volume a gas occupies is proportional to it’s number of moles

Answer 3

Avogadro’s principle

(n/V)=(n/V)

Question 4

This law says that at constant temperature, volume is inversely proportional to pressure

Answer 4

Boyle’s law

PV=PV

Question 5

This law says that at constant pressure, temperature and volume are proportional

Answer 5

Charles’s Law

(V/T)=(V/T)

Question 6

This law says that at constant volume, temperature and pressure are proportional

Answer 6

Gay-Lussac’s Law

(P/T)=(P/T)

Question 7

This law states that the total pressure of a solution is the sum of the partial pressures of each gas

Answer 7

Dalton’s law of partial pressures

Question 8

This law says that solubility and pressure are directly related

Answer 8

Henry’s Law

Question 9

What are the 5 assumptions about gases as given by the kinetic molecular theory?

Answer 9

1) The particles have a negligible volume
2) There is no intermolecular attraction or repulsion
3) The particles undergo constant, random collision
4) Collisions between two particles are elastic
5) For all gases, the kinetic energy is a function of temperature and has nothing to do with the type of gas

Question 10

What does a Maxwell-Boltzman curve show and how can you use one to make comparisons about particle speeds?

Answer 10

The curve shows a distribution of particle speeds at a given temperature, so you can use it to see which particle has the fastest average velocity. From there, it can be assumed that the gas with the lowest molar mass is moving the fastest

Question 11

What is the difference between diffusion and effusion?

Answer 11

Diffusion occurs when particles flow from a higher concentration to a lower one

Effusion occurs when particles under pressure flow from one compartment to another via an opening

Question 12

What is the relationship between vapor pressure and boiling point?

Answer 12

VP and BP are inversely related. The more volatile a liquid is (meaning it has a higher VP) the lower the BP is since most of the molecules are already in the gas phase

The less volatile a liquid is (the lower VP it has) the higher the BP since more of the molecules exist in the liquid phase instead of the gas phase

Question 13

1 atm= ___ kPa

Answer 13

100