Periodic trends

Question 1

Effective nuclear charge (Zeff) is ____ and increases ____

Answer 1

Refers to the attractive force the nucleus has on the valence electrons
-the larger the electron cloud/the more electrons there are, the less force the nucleus can exert on the valence e-‘s since they are farther away

Increases up and to the right

Question 2

Atomic radius is a result of ____ and increases ____

Answer 2

Attractive forces between the positive and negative charges, so the stronger those forces are the smaller the radius will be bc the charges are held closer together

Increases down and to the left

Question 3

Ionization energy is ______ and increases _____

Answer 3

A measure of how much energy it takes to remove an electron from the valence shell when the atom is in a gaseous state (the first ionization energy is always less than the second)

Increases up and to the right

Question 4

Electronegativity is a measure of _____ and increases _____

Answer 4

How much an atom likes to keep electrons for itself/measure of the energy an atom will exert on electrons

increases up and to the right

Question 5

Electron affinity is a measure of ____ and increases ____

Answer 5

The energy released when a gaseous atom obtains an electron

Increases up and to the right

Question 6

Basicity is a measure of ____ and increases ____

Answer 6

An atom’s need to accept a proton to form a stable product

Increases up and to the left

Question 7

Acidity is a measure of ____ and increases _____

Answer 7

An atom’s need to donate a proton to form a stable product

Increases down and to the right