Equilibrium Flashcards
If a reaction is in equilibrium, the forward and backwards reaction rates are _____
Equal
This ratio represents the equilibrium constant and tells us the ratio of products to reactants when the reaction is already in equilibrium
Keq
What two phases are left out of the equilibrium ratio?
Solids and liquids
This ratio measures the amounts of reactants and products at a given time in the reaction, and helps tells us when equilibrium has been achieved
Reaction quotient Q
If Q<Keq, then the forward reaction is:
The forward reaction is not in equilibrium, so the reaction will proceed forward
If Q>Keq, then the forward reaction is:
The forward reaction has exceeded equilibrium, so the reaction will proceed in reverse
If Q=Keq, then the reaction is:
In equilibrium
According to Le’Chatliers principle, compressing a gas results in a higher partial pressure, so the reaction will shift towards the side with ____ moles
Less
According to Le’Chatliers principle, decreasing the pressure of a gas causes the reaction to shift towards the side with ____ moles
More
ΔH measures _____
Heat
ΔH>0 means the reaction is _____, and the heat acts as a reactant
Endothermic
ΔH<0 means the reaction is ____, and the heat acts as a product
Exothermic
Why is the thermodynamic product more stable than the kinetic product?
The free energy required for the kinetic product is less than that of the thermo product, so because of this the kinetic product forms first but is more unstable, and is also more likely to go back and forth between the forward and reverse reactions
The thermo product requires more time and heat to form, so it is able to achieve the most stable conformation
The equilibrium constant is equal to the concentrations of _____/_____
Products/Reactants
