The French Revolution

Question 1

Beginning

Answer 1

1789

Question 2

Ending?

Answer 2

1799? 1802 Napoleon? 1830 Middle Class? 1848 Revolution? 1871 Paris Commune?

Question 3

Bastille Day

Answer 3

14 July 1789

Question 4

Louis XIV

Answer 4

The sun king, I am the state, constructed Versailles to be a hunting lodge, first French monarch to bring aristocracy to heel, gave them jobs in court, brought a lot of debt through expansion wars in late 1600s early 1700s

Question 5

Louis XV

Answer 5

Doesn’t care about ruling, womanizer, lots of orgies, great harvests while he was king

Question 6

Louis XVI

Answer 6

Doesn’t enjoy being king, has hobbies like being a tinkerer, really bad harvests during his reign, debt comes due in his time, power of the press and public opinion starts during his time, demographic shift - growth in population, loaned money to Americans - supported insurrection against monarchy

Question 7

Social Crisis

Answer 7

Demographic shift is peasants become artisans, clergy is parish priests and noble priests, aristocracy is old elites who fought in battles vs new elites who bought their way in, one financial crisis to make anyone poor

Question 8

Segur Edict

Answer 8

Passed in 1781, says need 4 generations of noble blood to serve as an officer, no new aristocracy and peasants

Question 9

Philosopes

Answer 9

Impact of people discussing history of monarchy, published books in Switzerland, educates members of French Society, enlightenment happens just before the revolution

Question 10

Public Opinion

Answer 10

People become involved in politics through print, by the time financial crisis hit king has to ask people who hate him for help, accounting books, don’t want to give money until king changes

Question 11

Civic Sociability

Answer 11

Public opinion was publishing newspapers, people begin to have opinion that differs from monarchy

Question 12

Salons

Answer 12

Able to produce magazines and articles

Question 13

Regional Journals

Answer 13

Can find out about what’s going on in other places

Question 14

Reading Rooms

Answer 14

People who are illiterate can have things read out loud to them

Question 15

Concerts

Answer 15

People can converse with others at large events

Question 16

Diamond Necklace Affair

Answer 16

1780, criminals used queen’s name to scam stuff, people don’t like the queen as it is, pamphlets begin circulating saying Marie was cheating on Louis (cuckold)

Question 17

Pre Revolutionary Crisis

Answer 17

Monarchy almost completely bankrupt, calls assembly of notables (142 people) who tell him they will give money but he needs to change his ways, calls estates general, elites become dissident elites when they side with peasants

Question 18

Estates General

Answer 18

1st estate = Clergy (1%), 2nd Estate = Nobles (1.5%), 3rd Estate = Peasants (97%), each estate has one vote

Question 19

What Is The 3rd Estate?

Answer 19

Abbe Sieyes, published in Janurary 1789, nobility and clergy ride on peasants backs, 3rd estate is everything

Question 20

Parliamentary Revolution

Answer 20

3rd estate begins to take lead of Estates General, get rules changed to vote by head, get rid of Estates General and become National Assembly, citizens instead of subjects, 3rd estate locked out, Tennis Court Oath, King and Nobles order troops to surround Paris, people overwhelm king’s troops

Question 21

Popular Revolution

Answer 21

Peasants burn down manor houses and erase their debts

Question 22

Constitutional Monarchy Period

Answer 22

July 14, 1789 - September 1792, Louis doesn’t want constitution and tries to flee country, likeness on every coin and is caught in 1791 and put under palace arrest, revolutionaries write constitution, demolish trade barriers, and establish a calendar

Question 23

World Reaction

Answer 23

Monarchies outside France don’t want a revolution so they invade (Austria, Prussia, England, and United Provinces), French civilians want to defend new government, first draft, citizens defending their nation

Question 24

Last days of Louis XVI

Answer 24

People think the king trying to flee was treason, trial from 14-17 January 1793, King executed on 21 January 1793, Marie Antoinette executed in October

Question 25

Republic

Answer 25

Control of price of bread by Senate/Assembly, France abolishes slavery (1794), common weights and measures, divided country into 83 departemonts of same size, administration also becomes the same

Question 26

Reign of Terror

Answer 26

Committee of Public safety founded in September 1793 by Maximilian Robespierre to target counter revolutionaries, kangaroo courts sentence people to death by Guillotine, Robespierre eventually killed by Guillotine

Question 27

Rise of Napoleon

Answer 27

French Army starts winning in 1795, Directory replaces Committee of Public Safety, still bad harvests, Brumaire coup in 1799, Napoleon and 2 others instated as consuls, Republic is over