Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AY Ophthalmology > The eye in systemic disease > Flashcards

The eye in systemic disease Flashcards

1
Q

Presentationof CN VI palsy?

A

Can’t abduct the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Causes of CN VI palsy

A

Microvascular
Raised ICP
Tumour
Congenital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Presentation of CN IV palsy

A

wEAK DEPRESSION IN ADDUCTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Clinical features of bilateral IV palsy

A

ToRsion

Chin depressed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cause of bilateral CN IV palsy

A

Blunt head trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Causes of CN IV palsy

A

Congenital decompensated
Microvascular
Tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Presentation of CN III palsy

A

Down & out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Causes of CN III palsy

A 
Microvascular 
Tumour 
Aneurysm 
MS 
Congenital
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What causes a painful CN III palsy?

A

Aneurysm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Causes of inter-nuclear opthalmoplegia

A

MS
Vascular
Lots of small print

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is inter-nucleur opthalmoplegia?

A

When patients eyes are directed away from the side of the lesion the affected eye will not move past the midline and the non-affected eye will have nystagmus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Causes of visual field defect

A

Vasclar disease
Scape occupying lesion
Demyelination (MS)
Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Who is optic neuritis common in?

A

MS patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What tumours can affect the optic nerve?

A

Meningioma
Glioma
Haemangioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Presentation of optic neuritis

A

Progressive visual loss (unilateral)
Pain behind eye, especially on movement
Colour desaturation
Central scotoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can cause compression on the optic chiasm?

A

Pituitary tumour
Craniopharyngioma
Meningioma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What causes bitemporal field defect?

A

Optic chiasm compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is visual loss or disturbance permanent with a pituitary tumour?

A

It is commonly reversed after the tumour is decompressed or removed

19
Q

WHat can affect the occipital cortex?

A 
Vascular disease (CVA) 
Demyelination
20
Q

Pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy

A

Chronic hyperglycaemia
Glycosylation of protein/basement membrane
Loss of pericytes
microanuerysm
Microaneurysm can lead to leakage & ischaemia

21
Q

Signs of non-proliferative retinopathy on fundoscopy

A 
Microaneurysms/ dot & lot haemorrhages 
Hard exudate 
Cotton wool patches 
Aormalities of venous calibre 
Intra-retin
22
Q

In what stages do new vessels grow in diabetic retinopathy?

A

Grow on disc
Grow in the periphery
Grow on iris if ischaemia is severe

23
Q

What can cause diabetics to lose vision?

A

Retinal oedema
Vitreous haemorrhage
Scarring/tractional retinal detachment

24
Q

How is diabetic retinopathy classified?

A

Mild
Moderate (non-proliferative retinopathy)
Severe (non-proliferative retinopathy)
Proliferative retinopathy

25
Q

How is diabetic maculopathy classified?

A

No maculopathy
Observable maculopathy
Referable maculopathy
Clinically significant maculopathy

26
Q

Management of diabetic retinopathy

A

Optimise medical management
Laser
Vitrectomy
Rehabilliatation

27
Q

Features of hypertensive retinopathy on fundoscopy

A 
Atenuated blood vessels/ copper or silver wiring 
Cotton wool spots 
Hard exudates 
Retinal haemmorhage 
Optic disc oedema
28
Q

How does accelerated hypertension tend to present?

A

Particularly in young patients
Very dramaic fundal appearance
Can have decreased vision

29
Q

Presentation of central retinal artery occlusion

A

Sudden painless loss of vision
Very profound loss of vision
Retinal nerve fibre layer becomes swollen except at fovea (cherry red spot)

30
Q

Presentation of central retinal vein occlusion

A

Sudden pailess visual loss
range of visual loss
Ischaemia correlates to degree of reduced vision and fundal appearances

31
Q

How does a branch vein occlusion present?

A

Painless disturbance in vision
May be assymptomatic
May be aware of loss of part of field

32
Q

Infective causes of uveitis

A 
TB 
Herpes Zoster 
Toxoplasmosis 
Candidiasis 
Syphilis 
Lyme disease
33
Q

Non-infective causes of uveitis

A 
Idiopathic syndromes 
HLA-B27 
Juvenile Arthritis 
Sarcoidosis 
Behcet's disease
34
Q

Presentation of GCA

A 
PMR 
Headache 
Jaw claudication 
Malaise 
Raised P.V. 
Blinding condition
35
Q

Extraocular features of thyroid eye disease

A 
Proptosis 
Lid retraction 
Lid oedema 
Lid lag 
Lid pigmentation 
Restrictive myopathy
36
Q

What is chemosis?

A

Oedema of the conjunctiva

37
Q

Ocular features of thyroid eye disease

A 
Chemosis 
Injection
Exposure 
Glaucoma 
Choroidal folds 
Optic nerve swelling
38
Q

What is the most common cause of unilateral and bilateral proptosis

A

Thyroid eye disease

39
Q

How is thyroid eye disease treated?

A

Control of thyroid dysfunction
Lubricants
Surgical decompression
Smoking

40
Q

What efect can SLE have on the eyes?

A

Ocular inflammation

41
Q

What effect can RA have on the eyes?

A

Dry eyes
Scleritis
Corneal melt

42
Q

What is the triad of Sjogren’s syndrome?

A

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Xerostomia
RA

43
Q

Ocular features of Steven-Johnson syndrome

A

Symblepharon
Occlusion of lacrimal glands
Corneal ulcers

AY Ophthalmology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions