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In a week - Biology > The Eye > Flashcards

The Eye Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What type of organ is the eye?

A

sense organ

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2
Q

Lable the diagram

A
  1. cilary muscle
  2. suspensory ligament
  3. retina
  4. fovea
  5. optic nerve
  6. iris
  7. cornea
  8. conjuctiva
  9. pupil
  10. lens
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3
Q

What do the ciliary muscles do?

A

change the thickness of the lens when focusing

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4
Q

What is the blind spot?

A

where blood vesels and nerves join the eyeball

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5
Q

What is the optic nerve?

A

receives nerve impulses from the retina and sends them to the brain

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6
Q

What is the retina?

A

contains light-sensitive cells: rods for dim light, cones for colour.

It sends impulses to the brain

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7
Q

What is the cornea?

A

a transparent window in the front of the eye - it refracts light

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8
Q

What are suspensory ligaments?

A

ligaments that hold the lens in place

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9
Q

What is the lens?

A

helps to focus light on the retina

held in place by the suspensory ligament and ciliary muscle

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10
Q

What is the pupil?

A

A hole that allows light through

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11
Q

What is the muscular iris?

A

controls how much light enters the eye and alters teh size of the pupil

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12
Q

What happens to the pupil in bright light?

A
  • circular muscles contract
  • radial muscles relax
  • iris closes and makes the pupil smaller
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13
Q

What happens to the pupil in dim light?

A
  • Radial muscles contract
  • circular muscles relax
  • iris opens and pupil gets bigger
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14
Q

What is it called when light passes through the cornea and lens and an object is focused on the retina?

A

accommodation

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15
Q

What happens when the eye focuses on near objects?

A
  • ciliary muscles contract
  • suspensory muscles slacken
  • lens shape is fat and round
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16
Q

What happens when the eye focuses on far objects?

A
  • ciliary muscles relax
  • suspensory muscles contract
  • lens shape is thin and flat
17
Q

What type of vision do humans have?

A

Binocular

18
Q

What advantages are there to having binocular vision?

A
  • able to judge distance
  • able to judge depth
  • eyes are forward facing (like most predators)
19
Q

Name something that has monocular vision

A
  • horses
  • cows
  • prey animals
20
Q

What advantages are there to having monocular vision - eyes on the side of the head?

A
  • have a wider field of vision
21
Q

What is short sightedness?

A
  • light is focused too far in front of the retina
  • can see near objects but not far
22
Q

What is long-sightedness?

A
  • eyeball is too short
  • distant objects can be seen but not close ones
23
Q

What causes red/green colour blindness?

A
  • inherited condition
  • affects more males than females
  • cones do not function properly

In a week - Biology (10 decks)

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