Cells Flashcards
What is the equation for magnification?
magnification = image size/actual size
cytoplasm
where most chemical reactions controlled by enzymes take place human and animal
cell wall
made up of cellulose which gives a plant strength and support plant & algal cells
What do you know about nerve cells?
- also known as neurons
- carry information as electrical signals
- 3 types - sensory, relay, motor
sperm
- has a tail that enables it to swim towards the egg - head is streamlined to aid swimming - contains enzymes to penetrate the egg - produced in large numbers to increase chance of fertilization
palisade cells
- have many chloroplasts - near the upper surface of the leaf to absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
egg
- contains nutrients in the cytoplasm - cell membrane blocks other sperm from entering immediately after fertilization
root hair cells
- long and thin providing large surface area for absorption - water is taken up by osmosis - mineral salts are taken up by active transport
nucleus
contains genetic information controls the chemical reactions taking place inside the cell human and animal
mitochondria
where most energy is released by respiration human and animal
ribosomes
in the cytoplasm where protein synthesis takes place human and animal
vacuole
contains a weak solution of salt/sugar called cell sap gives cells support plant & algal cells
stem cells
cells that have the ability to replicate and specialise into different types of tissue throughout the life of the organism found in adult bone marrow
cell membrane
controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell human and animal
chloroplasts
contain chlorophyll to absorb the suns energy and enzymes for the reactions in photosynthesis plant & algal cells
xylem
- dead cells
- move water and minerals in a plant from roots to leaves.
Guard cells
Found in the bottom of leaves in plants .allows the movement of gasses in and out for plant photosynthesis .when they are open > turgid .when they are closed > flaccid
