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Physical Assessment > The eye > Flashcards

The eye Flashcards

1
Q

Limbus

A

border between cornea and sclera lower lid margin

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2
Q

Meibomian gland

A

lubricates the eyelid

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3
Q

conjunctiva

A

protective membrane that covers the exposed part of the eye

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4
Q

palpebral conjuctiva

A

lines the eyelid

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5
Q

bublar conjunctiva

A

overlays the eyeball with the white sclera showing through

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6
Q

lacrimal apparatus

A

contant irrigation

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7
Q

EOMS are intervated by CN

A

3,4,5

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8
Q

CN III (oculomotor)

A

Superior, inferior, medial rectus oblique muscles, and medial and inferior oblique muscles

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9
Q

CN IV (trochlear)

A

Supervisor and oblique muscles

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10
Q

CN VI (abducens)

A

Lateral rectus muscle (abducts eye)

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11
Q

anterior chamber

A

contains the aqueous humor (pressure and refactory medium)

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12
Q

Optic Disc

A

Retinal fibers converge to form the head of the optic nerve

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13
Q

physiologic cup

A

yellow central depression (1/2 of disc)

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14
Q

Fundus

A

internal surface of retina central background

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15
Q

macula

A

temporal side, receives and transduces light, avacuscular and is the area of central vision

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16
Q

floaters

A

common with myopia, presopia, and aging

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17
Q

retinal detachment

A

sudden floaters, shade or cobwebs

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18
Q

halos

A

acute narrow angle glaucoma

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19
Q

scotomas

A

blind spots in visual fields, retinal tears

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20
Q

night blindness

A

optic atrophy, glaucoma, vitamin A deficiency

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21
Q

photophobia

A

intolerance to light

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22
Q

strabismus

A

deviation of the axis of the eye, all the time or due to fatigue, muscular or neuro

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23
Q

children with strabismus

A

affected eye does not conduct impulse, blindness due to non use

24
Q

amblyopia

A

muscles, non-supportive, eyes drift and vision decreases, eye is normal

25
Q

diplopia

A

double vision

26
Q

hemianopia

A

blindness in half the visual field due to CVA

27
Q

lacrimation

A

flow of tears

28
Q

epiphoria

A

excessive tearing (due to obstruction or irritants)

29
Q

myopia

A

nearsighted ``

30
Q

hyperopia

A

farsighted

31
Q

presbyopia

A

aging poor near vision

32
Q

astigmatism

A

unequal light refraction

33
Q

anisometropia

A

refractive error of both eyes

34
Q

hirshberg tests

A

corneal light reflex
esotropia- inward
exotropia- outward
hypertropia- downward

35
Q

cover test

A

assess eyes individually

36
Q

nystagmus

A

fine osculating movement (extreme lateral normal), horizontal, vertical, rotational (if congenital- vision may be normal)

37
Q

blepharitis

A

scaling seborrhea

38
Q

ptosis

A

drooping upper lid

39
Q

periorbital edema

A

infection, renal failure, CHF, allergy, hypothyroid

40
Q

exophthalmos

A

protruding eyes, white sclera seen above and below the eye

41
Q

enophthalmos

A

sunken eye

42
Q

ectropian

A

lid rolls out

43
Q

entropian

A

lid rolls in

44
Q

sclera icterus

A

yellowing with jaundice

45
Q

macular degeneration

A

leads to blindness

46
Q

sclera blue

A

thinning due to aging

47
Q

puncta

A

redness, swelling, tender, due to a blocked tear duct

48
Q

anisocoria

A

5% nl solution with unequal pupils

49
Q

chalazion

A

meibomian infection, usually chronic

50
Q

keratoconjuctivitis sicca

A

dry eyes

51
Q

hyphema

A

trauma, blood pooling in the eye under the cornea

52
Q

xanthelasma

A

yellow plaquing in the eye associated with hyperlipademia

53
Q

subconjunctival hemorrhage

A

total red eye, no visual changes, coughing sneezing, reassurance, no tx, compresses

54
Q

pterygium

A

triangular opaque wing of bulbar conjuctiva grows toward cornea

55
Q

patients with systemic illnesses that affect vision need to see an ophthalmologist yearly

A

diabetes
hypertension
macular degeneration

56
Q

Ophthalmoscope

A

cup to disc ratio:

Physical Assessment (10 decks)

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