Reproductive system

Question 1

tail of spence

Answer 1

upper outer quadrent of breast

Question 2

fibrous tissue in breast

Answer 2

coopers ligament

Question 3

tanner staging

Answer 3

sexual maturity rating, breasts, and bodily pubic hair develop

Question 4

gynecomastia in adolescents

Answer 4

temporary and unilateral, use of anabolic steroids, some medications

Question 5

breast cancer non modifiable risk factors

Answer 5

female over 50 
BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutation
atypical hyperplasia 
menses before 12 and menopause after 50 
hx of cancer/ 1st degree relative with cancer 
white race 
breast irradiation

Question 6

lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer

Answer 6

nulliparity 1st child pc 30 
HRT long term 
ETOH> 2-5 drinks daily 
inactivity 
oral contraceptices 
not breastfeeding 
high fat diet and obesity

Question 7

mastaglia

Answer 7

cyclic pain, common

Question 8

galactorrhea

Answer 8

nipple discharge, clear

serious if discharge is bloody

Question 9

augmentation

Answer 9

plastic surgery/ implants

Question 10

when inspecting the breast

Answer 10

inspect for asymmetry, and sudden increase

Question 11

skin

Answer 11

pigmentation, redness, heat lesions, striae, edema (peau d’orange)

Question 12

lymphatics,

Answer 12

axillary, supraclavicular, edema, bulging, discoloration

Question 13

nipples

Answer 13

deviation, retraction, inversion (recent), bleeding, drying, supernumerary, dimpling, puckering, lag

Question 14

if scrorum does not have rugae it is dt

Answer 14

inflammation or tumors

Question 15

cryptorchidism

Answer 15

undescended testies, risk for cancer increases, even with surgical correction, common in premies

Question 16

circumcision prevents

Answer 16

phimosis and inflammation, and cancer of the penis

Question 17

poly uria

Answer 17

excessive

Question 18

oliguria

Answer 18

diminished

Question 19

anuria

Answer 19

no void

Question 20

nocturia

Answer 20

awakening during night to urinate

Question 21

phimosis

Answer 21

inability to retract foreskin

Question 22

paraphimosis

Answer 22

inability to return skin over the glans

Question 23

epispadias

Answer 23

dorsal position of the meatus

Question 24

smegma

Answer 24

dirt under the foreskin

Question 25

cryptorchidism

Answer 25

temporary migration or true absences

Question 26

varicocele

Answer 26

pulliing, dragging, dull pain, due to varicose veins in spermatic cord

Question 27

spermatocele

Answer 27

retention cyst in epididymis (painless)

Question 28

hydrocele

Answer 28

serous fluid retention, bulky heavy scrotum

Question 29

testicular torsion

Answer 29

excruciating testicular pain sudden twisting of spermatic cord, rare after age 20

Question 30

scrotal hernia

Answer 30

swelling, pain with straining

Question 31

orchitis

Answer 31

acute inflammation of testes

Question 32

hernias

Answer 32

indirect, most common. infants and males 16-20 yo

Question 33

melena (occult blood)

Answer 33

black tarry, GI bleed
non-tarry dt iron medication
tested for

Question 34

red blood

Answer 34

gi, local, cancers, hemorrhoids

Question 35

clay colored stools

Answer 35

absent bile

Question 36

steatorrhea

Answer 36

excessive fat in stools

Question 37

PSA

Answer 37

Prostate specific antigen, discuss screening after age 50.
white males, after age 40
black males, after age 50

Question 38

Pruitis

Answer 38

itching of rectum in children, dt pinworms