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Unit 1 The Body > The Exceratory System > Flashcards

The Exceratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the kindeys located

A

At the back lower half of the body

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2
Q

What are the functions of the kidney

A

Removes waste
Returns needed susbstances for the body to reuse
Regulate body fluids

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3
Q

What are the waste products that are excreted

A

Nitrogen compunds
Ammnonia
Urea

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4
Q

What are nitrogen compounds originally

A

Breakdown of proteins

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5
Q

What does Ammonium need

A

Needs to be broken down since its too toxic

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6
Q

Kidney

A

Fist sized, located on either side of our spine an surrounded by fat.

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7
Q

Ureters

A

Muscular tubes that remove urine from the kidney

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8
Q

Urinary bladder

A

Storage for urine controlled by spincters.
The inner spincter is controlled by the brain.

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9
Q

Why is the innermost spincter of the kidney controlled by the brain

A

Its like a wake up call to go to the bathroom

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10
Q

Uretha

A

Tube were urine exits the body

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11
Q

Uretha for males

A

20cm long and are mixed with reproductive features

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12
Q

Uretha for females

A

4cm long and are separeate from reproductive features.

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13
Q

What do kindeys have in millions

A

Nephrons

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14
Q

What are jobs of nephrons

A

To filter blood and creating urine.

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15
Q

What are the parts of the kidney

A

Renal cortex, renal medula, renal pelvis

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16
Q

What are the parts of the nephron

A

Glomerular filtration
Tubular rebsorption (proximal tubule)
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct

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17
Q

What do nephrons look like

A

Look like spikes on to of the renal pelvis

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18
Q

What is the job of the renal capilary

A

Bring blood to the bowmans capsule

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19
Q

What is the job of the renal vein

A

Take blood to the heart

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20
Q

Golmerular Filtration

A

Renal artery enters into the bowmans capsule and splits into capilaries

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21
Q

Glormerulus

A

Capilary bed

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22
Q

Why does filtration occour

A

1 There are many pores in walls
2 High blood pressure in glomerous

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23
Q

What is filtrate identical to

A

Blood plasma contents

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24
Q

Tubular Reabsorption

A

A tube that is used for reabsorption and returning some fluids back to the body

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25
Q

What is another name for Tubular Reabsoption

A

Proximal Tubule

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26
Q

What supports active transport

A

Microcondria

27
Q

Which substances are actively transported

A

Na
Glucose
Other solutes
(Anything positive)

28
Q

Which substances are passively transported

A

Negative Cl
K
Water
(Usually anything negative)

29
Q

Loop of Henle

A

Is a small loop that has a descending and ascending part
Is the site of active and passive transport

30
Q

What parts of the loop of Henle are actively transported

A

Accending top half

31
Q

What parts of the loop of Henle are Passively Transported

A

Decending to the middle

32
Q

What are features of the decending Henle loop

A

Permable to water
Non permable to ions
Lower loop is salty

33
Q

What is the top half of the exceratory system called

A

Cortex

34
Q

What is the bottom half of the exceratory system called

A

Medulla

35
Q

What transport does the decending loop of Henle use

A

Passive Transport

36
Q

What is the decending loop of henle permable to

A

Water

37
Q

What is the decending loop of henle not permable to

A

Ions

38
Q

What is the accending loop of henle

A

Impermeable to water
Permable to solutes and Na+

39
Q

What is the thin part of the accending henle

A

Impermable to water but not to solutes

40
Q

What is the thick part of the accending henle

A

Actively transports Na+

41
Q

Why are there high concentrations of water near the end

A

Since water was removed

42
Q

Distal Tubule

A

K and H are actively secreted into it
Same with penicillin

43
Q

What does reabsoprtion in the distal tube depend on

A

What the requirments of the body are (thirsty)

44
Q

What is the job of the collecting duct

A

Filtrate is collected, still contains water.
Water becomes reabsorbed casuing a higher concentration

45
Q

What is the final state of the collecting duct

A

Becomes urine and is 1% of the orignal

46
Q

Renal vein

A

Reutnred to the body (absorbed water)

47
Q

What does the amount of water absorbed contribute to

A

Volume and concentration of blood

48
Q

Osmotic pressure

A

Solute concentration
Force generated by osmosis

49
Q

What does drinking too much mean

A

Kidney allows more water into unrine

50
Q

What does dehydration mean

A

Kidneys conserve water by producing concentrated urine

51
Q

What does ADH stand for

A

Anti directic hormone

52
Q

What does ADH do

A

Makes you pee less and water is absorbed more.
Reuglates osmositic pressure absorbing water

53
Q

Diuretic

A

Makes you pee more increasing the volume of urine.
Decreases permability of tubules
Leads to dehydration

54
Q

What are some examples of diruetics

A

coffee, alcohol

55
Q

What parts of the brain make ADH

A

Tlpothalymus (creates it)
Posterior puteriary gland (Secretes ADH)

56
Q

Diabetes inspidus

A

ADH does not work casuing dehydration, and quick pee
Treated by synthetic ADH

57
Q

What mixed with ADH causes high blood pressure

A

ADH and Aldostose

58
Q

Aldosterone

A

Reabsorbes Na in distal tubule and collecting duct bring water and Cl- with it.
Secretes K ions if too much K

59
Q

What does acidic blood do

A

Secrete H and reabsorb HCO3

60
Q

What does basic blood do

A

Does not secrete H or absorb HCO3

61
Q

What does H do

A

Represents acid

62
Q

What does HCO3 do

A

Means basic

63
Q

Dialysis

A

Machine that acts like a kidney

Unit 1 The Body (12 decks)

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