Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy. Equine. > The Equine Forelimb. The Fetlock. > Flashcards

The Equine Forelimb. The Fetlock. Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 important joints of the distal forelimb of the horse?

A

The metacarpophalangeal joint.

The proximal interphalangeal joint.

The distal interphalangeal joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most stressed joint in the forelimb?

A

The fetlock joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the 2nd most stressed joint in the forelimb?

A

The coffin joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the other name for the metacarpophalangeal joint in the horse?

A

The fetlock joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What kind of joint is the fetlock joint?

A

A compound synovial hinge joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What bones are involved in the fetlock joint?

A

The distal end of metacarpal 3.

The proximal phalanx.

The proximal sesamoid bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In the feltlock, does the proximal sesamoid bone make any contact with the proximal phalanx?

A

No.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How does the proximal sesamoid bone attach to the proximal phalanx??

A

There are ligaments that run between the 2 bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What bones are located on the medial and lateral aspects of the fetlock?

A

Splint bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the name of the splint bone on the medial aspect of the fetlock?

A

Metacarpal 4.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of the splint bone on the lateral aspect of the fetlock?

A

Metacarpal 2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the digit of the horse?

A

Everything distal to the fetlock (including the fetlock).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What bones are found in the digit of the horse?

A

The 3 phalanges.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is P1 known as in the horse?

A

The long pastern.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is P2 known as in the horse?

A

The short pastern.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is P3 known as in the horse?

A

The coffin bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What other bones do the proximal sesamoid bones associate with?

A

The distal aspect of the cannon bone.

The proximal aspect of the long pastern.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What other name is the distal sesamoidean bone also known as in the horse?

A

The navicular bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where is the navicular bone found?

A

Between the short pastern and the coffin bone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The fetlock joint lies between what bones?

A

The cannon bone.

The short pastern.

The proximal sesamoid bones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Does the fetlock joint have a joint capsule?

A

Yes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is the joint capsule of the fetlock thickest?

A

On the palmar aspect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where are the 2 synovial cavities of the joint capsule of the fetlock found?

A

On the dorsal and palmar aspects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where is the palmar cavity of the joint capsule of the fetlock located?

A

It lies between the shaft of the metacarpal bone and the interosseus muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are windgalls?

A

Pathological extension of the fetlock joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the main ligaments of the proximal sesamoid bone?

A

The interosseus muscles.

The intersesamoidean/palmar ligament.

The collateral sesamoidean ligaments.

The 4 distal sesamoidean ligaments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the 4 distal sesamoidean ligaments of the fetlock joint?

A

The straight (superficial) sesamoidean ligament.

The oblique (middle) sesamoidean ligament.

The cruciate (deep) sesamoidean ligament.

The short sesamoidean ligament.

28
Q

What are the 3 main functions of the sesamoidean ligaments of the fetlock joint?

A

They help support the fetlock.

They prevent overextension of the joint.

The extensor slips limit flexion and prevent the DDFT from flexing the joint when the limb is on the ground.

29
Q

What name is given to the dorsal branches of the interossesus muscle of the fetlock joint?

A

The extensor slips.

30
Q

The interosseus muscle of the fetlock joint is also known by what name?

A

As the suspensory ligament.

31
Q

What is the consistency of the interosseus muscle in the horse?

A

It is completely tendonous in the mature horse and it is slightly muscular in the foal.

32
Q

What processes is the suspensory ligament involved in?

A

It is part of the stay apparatus.

It is involved in locomotion.

33
Q

Where does the interosseus muscle arise from and travel to in the horse?

A

Origin. Palmar carpal ligament and the palmar surface of metacarpal 3.

It descends between the proximal splint bones and then forms 2 branches.

Insertion. Each branch attaches to the abaxial surface of the proximal sesamoid bones.

34
Q

What are the extensor slips of the fetlock?

A

Branches that arise from the distal interosseus muscle.

35
Q

What is the function of the extensor slips of the interosseus muscle.

A

They pass P1 and join up with the common digital extensor tendon.

36
Q

Where does the intersesamoidean ligament of the fetlock travel from and to?

A

It runs between the 2 proximal sesamoid bones.

37
Q

What is the intersesamoidean ligament of the fetlock also known as?

A

The palmar ligament.

38
Q

What is formed by the palmar aspect of the intersesamoidean ligament of the fetlock?

A

A small groove that allows for the passage of the flexor tendons.

39
Q

What is the function of the medial and lateral sesamoidean ligaments of the fetlock?

A

They attach the proximal sesamoid bones to the metacarpal condyles and the proximal tubercles of P1.

40
Q

What is the distal sesamoidean ligament of the fetlock?

A

It is the distal continuation of the interosseus muscle.

41
Q

What is the straight sesamoidean ligament also known as?

A

The superficial sesamoidean ligament.

42
Q

Where does the straight sesamoidean ligament run from and to?

A

From the base of the sesamoid bones to the fibrocartilage lip of P2.

43
Q

How many distal sesamoidean ligaments are there?

A

4.

44
Q

What are the 4 distal sesamoidean ligaments

A

The straight (superficial) sesamoidean ligament.

The oblique (middle) sesamoidean ligament.

The cruciate (deep) sesamoidean ligament.

The short sesamoidean ligament.

45
Q

Where does the oblique sesamoidean ligament run from and to?

A

From the base of the sesamoid bones to the palmar surface of P1.

46
Q

Where does the cruciate sesamoidean ligament run from and to?

A

It has 2 bands that travel from the base of the sesamoid bones to the opposite side of P1.

These bands cross over each other to form an X.

47
Q

Where does the short sesamoidean ligament run from and to?

A

They run from the axial sides of the base of the sesamoid to the palmar margin of P1.

48
Q

What is the function of the 4 distal sesamoidean ligaments?

A

They help the interosseus muscles to support the fetlock joint.

49
Q

What prevents the pastern joint from buckling forward as the foot hits the ground?

A

The oblique sesamoidean ligament.

The superficial digital flexor tendon.

50
Q

What is one of the most common causes of injury in the horse?

A

Overextension of the fetlock.

51
Q

What are the main movements of the fetlock joint?

A

Flexion and extension.

52
Q

What helps to prevent overextension of the fetlock joint?

A

The interosseus muscle (suspensory ligament).

The sesamoidean ligaments.

53
Q

What makes up the suspensory apparatus of the fetlock joint?

A

The interosseus muscle.

The distal sesamoidean ligaments.

The proximal sesamoid bone.

54
Q

What helps to re-enforce the suspensory apparatus of the fetlock?

A

Tension is the distal part of the SDFT and the DDFT, along with their check ligaments.

55
Q

What are the 2 approaches by which we can perform arthrocentesis of the fetlock joint?

A

A dorsal and lateral approach.

56
Q

What is a tendon surrounded by whenever is passes over a joint?

A

A tendon sheath.

57
Q

How can we differentiate between an injury to the fetlock joint or the tendon?

A

We palpate the the extensor slips of the interosseus muscle.

If the swelling is cranial to this then it is likely that the fetlock is injured.

If the swelling is caudal to this then it is likely that it is the tendon that is injured.

58
Q

How do we perform the lateral approach of injecting the fetlock?

A

We inject between the cannon bone and the interosseus muscle.

59
Q

How do we perform the dorsal approach of injecting the fetlock?

A

We insert the needle under the lateral edge of the common digital extensor tendon, just above the joint space.

60
Q

What are the 4 landmarks for the lateral approach for injecting the fetlock?

A

The palmardistal aspect of the cannon bone.

The dorsal edge of the lateral branch of the suspensory ligament.

The lateral proximal suspensory bone.

61
Q

What are the 4 landmarks for the dorsal approach for injecting the fetlock?

A

The dorsal prominence of P1.

The metacarpal condyle.

The intraarticular space.

The cannon bone.

The dorsal dorsal branch of the interossesus muscle.

62
Q

What are articular windgalls characterised by?

A

Proximal extension of the palmar aspect of the joint capsule of the fetlock.

63
Q

How does cutting a section of the interosseus muscle affect the fetlock?

A

It will cause the fetlock to sink.

64
Q

How does cutting a section of the superficial digital flexor tendon affect the fetlock?

A

It causes the fetlock to sink slightly, it will not hit the ground.

65
Q

How does cutting a section of interosseus muscle and the superficial digital flexor tendon affect the fetlock?

A

It causes the fetlock to sink completely.

Anatomy. Equine. (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions