Muscles of the Equine Forelimb. Flashcards
What is an additional pectoral muscle that is found in the horse?
The subclavius muscle.
The subclavis muscle is never found in what kind of animals?
Carnivores.
What are the 4 pectoral muscles that are found in the horse?
The descending pectoralis muscle.
The transverse pectoralis muscle.
The subclavius muscle.
The deep pectoral muscle.
What are the 2 superficial pectoral muscles in the horse?
The descending and transverse pectoralis muscles.
The subclavis muscle is a division of what other muscle?
The transverse pectoralis muscle.
Where on the horse is the subclavis muscle found?
On the cranial aspect of the deep pectoral muscle on the sternum.
What is the action of the subclavis muscle?
It complements the actions of the deep pectoral muscle.
What nerve supplies the subclavis muscle?
The pectoral nerve.
What leads to a sweeney in a horse?
Damage to the suprascapular nerve.
What are the effects of a sweeney?
Atrophy of the infra and supraspinatus muscles which leads to a visible spine of the scapula.
How does a sweeney affect the shoulder?
It causes the shoulder to slip laterally.
What nerve innervates the infra and supraspinatus muscles?
The suprascapular nerve.
Where does the biceps brachii muscle originate from in the horse?
The supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.
The tendon of the biceps bracii is closely associated with what part of the humerus?
The proximal tubercles of the humerus.
How many tendons of insertion are there for the biceps brachii?
2.
Where do the 2 tendons of insertion for the biceps brachii originate from?
The radial tuberosity.
The extensor carpi radialis.
What is the lasertus fibrosis?
The tendon of insertion on the biceps brachii that runs from the muscle belly to the extensor carpi radialis and MC 3.
The biceps brachii inserts onto what bone
Onto metacarpal 3.
Tension in the lasertus fibrosis will affect what part of the lower limb?
Tension in the lasertus fibrosis affects the carpus.
What joints will the tendon of the biceps brachii pass over?
The shoulder.
The knee.
The elbow.
Where does the lasertus fibrosis run from an to?
From the muscle belly of the biceps brachii.
To the extensor carpi radialis which attaches to metacarpal 3.
The lasertus fibrosis is an important component of what equine mechanism?
The stay apparatus.
When will the lasertus fibrosis start to tense
When the animal starts to bear weight.
What happens when the lasertus fibrosis starts to tense?
It pulls on the biceps brachii muscle which extends the shoulder.
It also pulls on the extensor carpi radialis and this extends the carpus.
What happens to the lasertus fibrosis when the limb is not bearing weight?
The lacertus fibrosis will be loose and this allows the limb to flex.
What muscle is the most important extensor of the elbow?
The triceps brachii.
What are the 3 heads of the triceps brachii muscle?
The long head.
The lateral head.
The medial head.
The 3 heads of the triceps brachii muscle insert onto what area?
The olecrannon.
Is the triceps brachii muscle involved in weight bearing?
Yes, as it is an important extensor muscle.
What head of the triceps muscle is missing in the horse?
The accessory head of the triceps.
Where do the lateral and medial heads of the triceps brachii originate from?
The humerus.
Where does the long head of the triceps brachii originate from?
The caudal border of the scapula.
Which head of the triceps brachii has a dual function?
The long head.
What is the dual function of the long head of the triceps brachii?
It can extend and flex the elbow.
What are the 3 major extensor muscles of the elbow?
The triceps brachii muscle.
The tensor fascia latta muscle.
The anconeus muscle.
Where is the tensor fascia latta muscle found on the horse?
On the caudal border of the long head of the triceps.
How many bursas are associated with the elbow joint in the horse?
2.
Where are the 2 bursas of the elbow joint located?
Between the triceps brachii and the olecrannon.
Between the skin and the triceps brachii.
