The endocrine system V

Question 1

Which organs require glucose exclusively as a source of energy?

Answer 1

Brain and retina

Question 2

What is glucose homeostasis?

Answer 2

The maintenance of constant glucose levels

Question 3

Which two hormones are involved in glucose homeostasis?

Answer 3

Insulin and glucagon

Question 4

What are the two hormonal functions of the pancreas?

Answer 4

Exocrine and endocrine

Question 5

What is the exocrine function of the pancreas?

Answer 5

secretion of pancreatic enzymes for food digestion in the duodenum

Question 6

What is the endocrine function of the pancreas?

Answer 6

Secretion of insulin and glucagon

Question 7

Which part of the pancreas is responsible for hormone secretion?

Answer 7

Pancreatic islets of langerhans

Question 8

What do the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets of langerhans secrete?

Answer 8

Glucagon

Question 9

What do the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of langerhans secrete?

Answer 9

Insulin

Question 10

What do the delta cells of the pancreatic islets of langerhans secrete?

Answer 10

Somatostasin

Question 11

What do the F cells of the pancreatic islets of langerhans secrete?

Answer 11

Pancreatic polypeptide

Question 12

Role of somatostatin?

Answer 12

Inhibits the release of pancreatic hormones

Question 13

What do the epsilon cells of the pancreatic islets of langerhans secrete?

Answer 13

ghrelin

Question 14

What is the function of insulin?

Answer 14

Decreases blood glucose levels

Question 15

How does insulin decrease blood glucose levels?

Answer 15

Lipogenesis, glycogenesis, increases glucose uptake and storage in the liver and decreases hepatic glucose production

Question 16

What is lipogenesis?

Answer 16

The synthesis of fatty acids from non-lipid precursors

Question 17

What is glycogenesis?

Answer 17

Conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage

Question 18

What is lipolysis?

Answer 18

Triglyceride breakdown

Question 19

Where does glucagon mainly act?

Answer 19

On the liver

Question 20

Role of glucagon?

Answer 20

Increases blood glucose concentration

Question 21

How does glucagon raise the BGC?

Answer 21

Promotes glycogenolysis and stimulates gluconeogenesis

Question 22

What is glycogenolysis?

Answer 22

Breakdown of glycogen

Question 23

What is gluconeogenesis?

Answer 23

Production of glucose from AAs and glycerol in the liver