Appetite regulation Flashcards
What is a calorie?
The amount of energy required to raise a gram of water from 14.5 degrees to 15.5 degrees
What is the resting metabolic rate?
The amount of calories to keep you alive when youre not doing anything
What characteristic does resting metabolic rate correlate with?
size/mass
What is the thermic effect of feeding?
Calories the body spends processing ingesting food
What is physical activity expenditure?
Any energy used to do something that isnt keeping you alive/ingesting food
Which component of energy expenditure is the most susceptible to change?
Physical activity energy expenditure
What is the definition of nutrients?
Any chemical substance that the body needs to use for life
What is the respiratory quotient of proteins?
0.8
How many calories are there in a gram of protein?
5.6
What are carbohydrates broken down into?
Sugars
What are sugars converted to?
Glycogen
What is the respiratory quotient of carbohydrates?
1.0
How many calories are there in a gram of carbohydrate?
4
What are fats broken down into?
Triglycerides
What are triglycerides broken down into?
FAs
How many calories are there in a gram of fat?
9
What is the respiratory quotient of fats?
0.7
How many calories are in a gram of alcohol?
7
What is de novo lipogenesis?
Conversion of sugars to fatty acids
What is the path of food in gastric digestion?
Stomach–> pancreas–> duodenum-> large/small intestine
What is ghrelin responsible for?
Fullness hormone-> increases appetite
What effect does acetylation have on ghrelin?
Activates it
What effect does deacetylation have on ghrelin?
Deactivates it
How does the concentration of acetylated ghrelin vary throughout the day?
A lot
