The Endocrine System Glands and Their Hormones

Question 1

–ADRENAL CORTEX–

Answer 1

Glucocorticoids (Cortisol) : Regulates carbohydrate levels in the body
Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone) : Regulates electrolytes and fluid volume in body
Steroid Sex Hormones (Androgen) : Male sex hormones from adrenal cortex may be converted to estrogens in the bloodstream. Responsible for reproduction and secondary sexual characteristics

Question 2

–ADRENAL MEDULLA–

Answer 2

Epinephrine (Adrenaline) : Intensifies response during stress; “fight-or-flight” response
Norepinephrine : Chiefly a vasoconstrictor

Question 3

–OVARIES–

Answer 3

Estrogen : Stimulates development of secondary sex characteristics in females; regulates menstrual cycle
Progesterone : Prepares for conditions of pregnancy

Question 4

–PANCREAS–

Answer 4

Glucagon : Stimulates liver to release glucose into the blood
Insulin : Regulates and promotes entry of glucose into cells

Question 5

–PARATHYROID GLANDS–

Answer 5

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) : Stimulates bone breakdown; regulates calcium level in the blood

Question 6

–PITUITARY ANTERIOR LOBE–

Answer 6

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) : Regulates function of adrenal cortex
–GONADOTROPINS–
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) : Stimulates growth of eggs in female and sperm in males
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) : Regulates function of male and female gonads and plays a role in releasing ova in females
Growth Hormone (GH) : Stimulates growth of the body
Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH) : Stimulates pigment in skin
Prolactin : Stimulates milk production
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) : Regulates function of thyroid gland

Question 7

–PITUITARY POSTERIOR LOBE–

Answer 7

Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH) : Stimulates reabsorption of water by the kidneys
Oxytocin : Stimulates uterine contractions and releases milk into ducts

Question 8

–TESTES–

Answer 8

Testosterone : Promotes sperm production and development of secondary sex characteristics in males

Question 9

–THYMUS–

Answer 9

Thymosin : Promotes development of cells in immune system

Question 10

–THYROID GLAND–

Answer 10

Calcitonin (CT) : Stimulate deposition of calcium into bone
Thyroxine (T[4]) : Stimulates metabolism in cells
Triiodothyronine (T[3]) : Stimulates metabolism in cells