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[MT] Lesson 6: Male and Female Reproductive Systems and the Endocrine System > Female Reproductive System Terms > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Amnion

A

Inner of two membranous sacs surround fetus; amniotic sac contains amniotic fluid in which baby floats

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2
Q

Amniotic Fluid

A

Fluid inside amniotic sac

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3
Q

Anteflexion

A

While uterus is normally in this position, exaggeration of forward bend of uterus is abnormal; forward bend is near neck of uterus; position of cervix, or opening of uterus, remains normal

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4
Q

Areola

A

Pigmented area around nipple of breast

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5
Q

Bartholin’s Glands

A

Glands located on either side of vaginal opening that secrete mucus for vaginal lubrication

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6
Q

Breasts

A

Milk-producing glands to provide nutrition for newborn; also called ‘mammary gland.’

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7
Q

Breech Presentation

A

Placement of fetus in which buttocks or feet are presented first for delivery rather than head

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8
Q

Cervix (Cx)

A

Narrow, distal portion of uterus that joins to vagina

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9
Q

Chorion

A

Outer of two membranous sacs surrounding fetus; helps to form placenta

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10
Q

Clitoris

A

Small organ containing erectile tissue covered by labia minora; contains sensitive tissue aroused during sexual stimulation and is similar to penis in male

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11
Q

Conception

A

Fertilization of ovum by a sperm

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12
Q

Corpus

A

Body or central portion of uterus

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13
Q

Crowning

A

When head of baby is visible through vaginal opening; a sign that birth is imminent

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14
Q

Delivery

A

Emergence of baby from birth canal

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15
Q

Dilation Stage

A

First stage of labor; begins with uterine contractions that press fetus against cervix causing it to dilate to 10 cm and become thin; thinning of cervix is called ‘effacement.’

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16
Q

Effacement

A

Thinning of cervix during labor

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17
Q

Embryo

A

Term to describe developing infant from fertilization until end of eighth week

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18
Q

Endometrium

A

Inner lining of uterus; contains rich blood supply and reacts to hormonal changes every month, which results in menstruation; during pregnancy, lining of uterus does not leave body but remains to nourish unborn child

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19
Q

Erectile Tissue

A

Tissue with numerous blood vessels and nerve endings; becomes filled with blood and enlarges in size in response to sexual stimulation

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20
Q

Estrogen

A

One of hormones produced by ovaries; works with progesterone to control menstrual cycle and is responsible for producing secondary sexual characteristics

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21
Q

Expulsion Stage

A

Stage of labor and delivery during which baby is delivered

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22
Q

Fallopian Tubes

A

Organs in female reproductive system that transport eggs from ovary to uterus

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23
Q

Fertilization

A

Also called ‘impregnation’; fusion of ova and sperm to produce embryo

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24
Q

Fetus

A

Term to describe developing newborn from end of eighth week until birth

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25
Fimbriae
Finger-like extensions on end of fallopian tubes; drape over each ovary in order to direct ovum into fallopian tube after it is expelled by ovary
26
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland; stimulates growth of eggs in females and sperm in males
27
Fundus
Domed upper portion of organ such as stomach or uterus
28
Genitalia
Male and female reproductive organs
29
Gestation
Length of time from conception to birth, generally nine months; calculated from first day of last menstrual period, with a range of from 259 days to 280 days
30
Hymen
Thin membranous tissue that covers external vaginal opening or orifice; membrane is broken during first sexual encounter of female; can also be broken prematurely by use of tampons or during some sports activities
31
Labia Majora
Outer folds of skin that serves as protection for female external genitalia and urethral meatus
32
Labia Minora
Inner folds of skin that serves as protection for female external genitalia and urethral meatus
33
Labor
Period of time beginning with uterine contractions and ending with birth of baby; there are three stages: dilation, expulsion, and placental stage
34
Lactation
Function of secreting milk after childbirth from breasts or mammary glands
35
Lactiferous Ducts
Carry milk from milk-producing glands to nipple
36
Lactiferous Glands
Milk-producing glands in breast
37
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary; regulates function of male and female gonads and plays a role in releasing ova in females
38
Mammary Glands
Breasts; milk-producing glands to provide nutrition for newborn
39
Menarche
First menstrual period
40
Menopause
Cessation or ending of menstrual activity; generally between ages of 40 and 55
41
Menstrual Period (Menstrual Cycle)
28-day fertility cycle in women; includes ovulation and sloughing off endometrium if pregnancy does not occur
42
Menstruation
Loss of blood and tissue as endometrium is shed by uterus; flow exits body through cervix and vagina; flow occurs approximately every 28 days
43
Myometrium
Middle muscle layer of uterus
44
Nipple
Point at which milk is released from breast
45
Nurse
To breastfeed a baby
46
Ova
Female sex cells or gametes produced in ovary; ovum fuses with sperm to produce embryo; singular is ovum
47
Ovaries
Female gonads; two glands located on either side of lower abdominopelvic region of female; responsible for production of sex cells, ova, and hormones estrogen and progesterone
48
Oviducts
Tubes that carry ovum from ovary to uterus; also called 'fallopian tubes' or 'uterine tubes.'
49
Ovulation
Release of an ovum from ovary
50
Perimetrium
Outer layer of uterus
51
Perineum
In male, external region between scrotum and anus; in female, external region between vagina and anus
52
Placenta
Also called 'afterbirth'; organ attached to uterine wall composed of maternal and fetal tissues; oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and wastes are exchanged between mother and baby through placenta; baby is attached to placenta by way of umbilical cord
53
Placental Stage
Third stage of labor, which takes place after delivery of infant; uterus resumes strong contractions and placenta detaches from uterine wall and is delivered through vagina
54
Pregnancy
Time from fertilization of ovum to birth of newborn
55
Premature
Infant born prior to 37 weeks of gestation
56
Progesterone
One of hormones produced by ovaries; works with estrogen to control menstrual cycle
57
Puberty
Beginning of menstruation and ability to reproduce; usually occurs around age 16
58
Sex Hormones
Hormones secreted by gonads and adrenal cortex; estrogen and progesterone in females and testosterone in males
59
Umbilical Cord
Cord extending from baby's umbilicus (navel) to placenta; contains blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from mother to baby and carbon dioxide and wastes from baby to mother
60
Urinary Meatus
External opening of urethra
61
Uterine Tubes
Tubes that carry ovum from ovary to uterus; also called 'fallopian tubes' or 'oviducts.'
62
Uterus
Also called 'womb'; internal organ of female reproductive system; hollow, pear-shaped organ is located in lower pelvic cavity between urinary bladder and rectum; uterus receives fertilized ovum and becomes implanted in uterine wall, which provides nourishment and protection for developing fetus; divided into three regions: fundus, corpus, and cervix
63
Vagina
Organ in female reproductive system that receives penis and semen
64
Vaginal Orifice
External vaginal opening; may be covered by hymen
65
Vulva
General term meaning external female genitalia; consists of Bartholin's glands, labia majora, labia minora, and clitoris

[MT] Lesson 6: Male and Female Reproductive Systems and the Endocrine System (28 decks)

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