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[MT] Lesson 6: Male and Female Reproductive Systems and the Endocrine System > Female Reproductive System Terms > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Amnion

A

Inner of two membranous sacs surround fetus; amniotic sac contains amniotic fluid in which baby floats

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2
Q

Amniotic Fluid

A

Fluid inside amniotic sac

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3
Q

Anteflexion

A

While uterus is normally in this position, exaggeration of forward bend of uterus is abnormal; forward bend is near neck of uterus; position of cervix, or opening of uterus, remains normal

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4
Q

Areola

A

Pigmented area around nipple of breast

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5
Q

Bartholin’s Glands

A

Glands located on either side of vaginal opening that secrete mucus for vaginal lubrication

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6
Q

Breasts

A

Milk-producing glands to provide nutrition for newborn; also called ‘mammary gland.’

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7
Q

Breech Presentation

A

Placement of fetus in which buttocks or feet are presented first for delivery rather than head

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8
Q

Cervix (Cx)

A

Narrow, distal portion of uterus that joins to vagina

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9
Q

Chorion

A

Outer of two membranous sacs surrounding fetus; helps to form placenta

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10
Q

Clitoris

A

Small organ containing erectile tissue covered by labia minora; contains sensitive tissue aroused during sexual stimulation and is similar to penis in male

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11
Q

Conception

A

Fertilization of ovum by a sperm

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12
Q

Corpus

A

Body or central portion of uterus

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13
Q

Crowning

A

When head of baby is visible through vaginal opening; a sign that birth is imminent

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14
Q

Delivery

A

Emergence of baby from birth canal

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15
Q

Dilation Stage

A

First stage of labor; begins with uterine contractions that press fetus against cervix causing it to dilate to 10 cm and become thin; thinning of cervix is called ‘effacement.’

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16
Q

Effacement

A

Thinning of cervix during labor

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17
Q

Embryo

A

Term to describe developing infant from fertilization until end of eighth week

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18
Q

Endometrium

A

Inner lining of uterus; contains rich blood supply and reacts to hormonal changes every month, which results in menstruation; during pregnancy, lining of uterus does not leave body but remains to nourish unborn child

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19
Q

Erectile Tissue

A

Tissue with numerous blood vessels and nerve endings; becomes filled with blood and enlarges in size in response to sexual stimulation

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20
Q

Estrogen

A

One of hormones produced by ovaries; works with progesterone to control menstrual cycle and is responsible for producing secondary sexual characteristics

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21
Q

Expulsion Stage

A

Stage of labor and delivery during which baby is delivered

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22
Q

Fallopian Tubes

A

Organs in female reproductive system that transport eggs from ovary to uterus

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23
Q

Fertilization

A

Also called ‘impregnation’; fusion of ova and sperm to produce embryo

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24
Q

Fetus

A

Term to describe developing newborn from end of eighth week until birth

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25
Q

Fimbriae

A

Finger-like extensions on end of fallopian tubes; drape over each ovary in order to direct ovum into fallopian tube after it is expelled by ovary

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26
Q

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

A

Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary gland; stimulates growth of eggs in females and sperm in males

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27
Q

Fundus

A

Domed upper portion of organ such as stomach or uterus

28
Q

Genitalia

A

Male and female reproductive organs

29
Q

Gestation

A

Length of time from conception to birth, generally nine months; calculated from first day of last menstrual period, with a range of from 259 days to 280 days

30
Q

Hymen

A

Thin membranous tissue that covers external vaginal opening or orifice; membrane is broken during first sexual encounter of female; can also be broken prematurely by use of tampons or during some sports activities

31
Q

Labia Majora

A

Outer folds of skin that serves as protection for female external genitalia and urethral meatus

32
Q

Labia Minora

A

Inner folds of skin that serves as protection for female external genitalia and urethral meatus

33
Q

Labor

A

Period of time beginning with uterine contractions and ending with birth of baby; there are three stages: dilation, expulsion, and placental stage

34
Q

Lactation

A

Function of secreting milk after childbirth from breasts or mammary glands

35
Q

Lactiferous Ducts

A

Carry milk from milk-producing glands to nipple

36
Q

Lactiferous Glands

A

Milk-producing glands in breast

37
Q

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A

Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary; regulates function of male and female gonads and plays a role in releasing ova in females

38
Q

Mammary Glands

A

Breasts; milk-producing glands to provide nutrition for newborn

39
Q

Menarche

A

First menstrual period

40
Q

Menopause

A

Cessation or ending of menstrual activity; generally between ages of 40 and 55

41
Q

Menstrual Period (Menstrual Cycle)

A

28-day fertility cycle in women; includes ovulation and sloughing off endometrium if pregnancy does not occur

42
Q

Menstruation

A

Loss of blood and tissue as endometrium is shed by uterus; flow exits body through cervix and vagina; flow occurs approximately every 28 days

43
Q

Myometrium

A

Middle muscle layer of uterus

44
Q

Nipple

A

Point at which milk is released from breast

45
Q

Nurse

A

To breastfeed a baby

46
Q

Ova

A

Female sex cells or gametes produced in ovary; ovum fuses with sperm to produce embryo; singular is ovum

47
Q

Ovaries

A

Female gonads; two glands located on either side of lower abdominopelvic region of female; responsible for production of sex cells, ova, and hormones estrogen and progesterone

48
Q

Oviducts

A

Tubes that carry ovum from ovary to uterus; also called ‘fallopian tubes’ or ‘uterine tubes.’

49
Q

Ovulation

A

Release of an ovum from ovary

50
Q

Perimetrium

A

Outer layer of uterus

51
Q

Perineum

A

In male, external region between scrotum and anus; in female, external region between vagina and anus

52
Q

Placenta

A

Also called ‘afterbirth’; organ attached to uterine wall composed of maternal and fetal tissues; oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide, and wastes are exchanged between mother and baby through placenta; baby is attached to placenta by way of umbilical cord

53
Q

Placental Stage

A

Third stage of labor, which takes place after delivery of infant; uterus resumes strong contractions and placenta detaches from uterine wall and is delivered through vagina

54
Q

Pregnancy

A

Time from fertilization of ovum to birth of newborn

55
Q

Premature

A

Infant born prior to 37 weeks of gestation

56
Q

Progesterone

A

One of hormones produced by ovaries; works with estrogen to control menstrual cycle

57
Q

Puberty

A

Beginning of menstruation and ability to reproduce; usually occurs around age 16

58
Q

Sex Hormones

A

Hormones secreted by gonads and adrenal cortex; estrogen and progesterone in females and testosterone in males

59
Q

Umbilical Cord

A

Cord extending from baby’s umbilicus (navel) to placenta; contains blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from mother to baby and carbon dioxide and wastes from baby to mother

60
Q

Urinary Meatus

A

External opening of urethra

61
Q

Uterine Tubes

A

Tubes that carry ovum from ovary to uterus; also called ‘fallopian tubes’ or ‘oviducts.’

62
Q

Uterus

A

Also called ‘womb’; internal organ of female reproductive system; hollow, pear-shaped organ is located in lower pelvic cavity between urinary bladder and rectum; uterus receives fertilized ovum and becomes implanted in uterine wall, which provides nourishment and protection for developing fetus; divided into three regions: fundus, corpus, and cervix

63
Q

Vagina

A

Organ in female reproductive system that receives penis and semen

64
Q

Vaginal Orifice

A

External vaginal opening; may be covered by hymen

65
Q

Vulva

A

General term meaning external female genitalia; consists of Bartholin’s glands, labia majora, labia minora, and clitoris

[MT] Lesson 6: Male and Female Reproductive Systems and the Endocrine System (28 decks)

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