Male Reproductive System Pathology Flashcards
Urology
Branch of medicine involved in diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the urinary system and male reproductive system. Physician is a ‘urologist.’
Aspermia
Condition of having no sperm
Balanorrhea
Discharge from the glans penis
Oligospermia
Condition of having too few sperm, making the chances of fertilization very low
Spermatolysis
Term that refers to anything that destroys sperm
Anorchism
The absence of testes; may be congenital or as the result of an accident or surgery
Cryptorchidism
Failure of the testes to descend into the scrotal sac before birth. Usually, the testes will descend before birth. A surgical procedure called ‘orchidopexy’ may be required to bring the testes down in to the scrotum permanently. Failure of the testes to descend could result in sterility in the male or an increased risk of testicular cancer
Hydrocele
Accumulation of fluid around the testes or along the spermatic cord. Common in infants
Sterility
Inability to father children due to a problem with spermatogenesis
Testicular Carcinoma
Cancer of one or both testicles; most common cancer in men under age 40
Testicular Torsion
Twisting of the spermatic cord
Varicocele
Enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord that commonly occurs on the left side of adolescent males
Epididymitis
Inflammation of the epididymis
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland commonly seen in males over age 50. Formerly called ‘benign prostatic hypertrophy.’
Prostate Cancer
Slow-growing cancer that affects a large number of males after age 50. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used to assist in early detection of this disease
Prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate gland
Balanitis
Inflammation of the glans penis
Epispadias
Congenital opening of the urethra on the dorsal surface of the penis
Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
Inability to engage in sexual intercourse due to inability to maintain an erection. Also called ‘impotence.’
Hypospadias
Congenital opening of the male urethra on the underside of the penis
Phimosis
Narrowing of the foreskin over the glans penis resulting in difficulty with hygiene. This condition can lead to infection or difficulty with urination. The condition is treated with circumcision, the surgical removal of the foreskin
Priapism
A persistent and painful erection due to pathological causes, not sexual arousal
Chancroid
Highly infectious non-syphilitic venereal ulcer
Chlamydia
Bacterial infection causing genital inflammation in males and females. Can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease in females and eventual infertility
Genital Herpes
Spreading skin disease that can appear like a blister or vesicle on the genital region of males and females; may spread to other areas of the body. Caused by a sexually transmitted virus
Genital Warts
Growth of warts on the genitalia of both males and females that can lead to cancer of the cervix in females. Caused by the sexual transmission of the human papilloma virus (HPV)
Gonorrhea (GC)
Sexually transmitted bacterial infection of the mucous membranes of either sex. Can be passed on to an infant during the birth process
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Sexually transmitted virus that attacks the immune system
Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD)
Disease usually acquired as the result of sexual intercourse. Formerly referred to as ‘venereal disease (VD).’
Syphilis
Infectious, chronic, bacterial venereal disease that can involve any organ. May exist for years without symptoms, but is fatal if untreated. Treated with the antibiotic penicillin
Trichomoniasis
Genitourinary infection caused by a single-cell protist that is usually without symptoms (asymptomatic) in both males and females. In women the disease can produce itching and/or burning, a foul-smelling discharge, and result in vaginitis
