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[MT] Lesson 6: Male and Female Reproductive Systems and the Endocrine System > Female Reproductive System Pathology > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Gynecology (GYN)

A

Branch of medicine specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions of the female reproductive system. Physician is called a ‘gynecologist.’

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2
Q

Neonatology

A

Branch of medicine specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions involving newborns. Physician is called a ‘neonatologist.’

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3
Q

Obstetrics (OB)

A

Branch of medicine specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of women during pregnancy and childbirth, and immediately after childbirth. Physician is called an ‘obstetrician.’

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4
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Condition of having no menstrual flow

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5
Q

Amniorrhea

A

Flow of amniotic fluid when the amnion ruptures

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6
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Condition of having abnormal or painful menstrual flow

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7
Q

Dystocia

A

Difficult labor and childbirth

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8
Q

Hematosalpinx

A

Presence of blood in a uterine tube

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9
Q

Mastalgia

A

Breast pain

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10
Q

Menorrhagia

A

Condition of having abnormally heavy menstrual flow during normal menstruation time

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11
Q

Metrorrhagia

A

Term is used to describe uterine bleeding between menstrual periods

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12
Q

Metrorrhea

A

Having a discharge (such as mucus or pus) from the uterus that is not the menstrual flow

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13
Q

Oligomenorrhea

A

Condition of having light menstrual flow

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14
Q

Oophoritis

A

Inflammation of the ovary

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15
Q

Ovarian Carcinoma

A

Cancer of the ovary

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16
Q

Ovarian Cyst

A

Cyst that develops within the ovary. These may be multiple cysts and may rupture, causing pain and bleeding

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17
Q

Pyosalpinx

A

Presence of pus in a uterine tube

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18
Q

Salpingitis

A

Inflammation of the uterine tube

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19
Q

Cervical Cancer

A

Malignant growth in the cervix. Some cases are caused by the ‘human papilloma virus’ (HPV), a sexually transmitted virus for which there is now a vaccine. An especially difficult type of cancer to treat that causes 5% of the cancer deaths in women. Pap smear tests have helped to detect early cervical cancer

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20
Q

Endocervicitis

A

Inflammation that occurs within the cervix

21
Q

Endometrial Cancer

A

Cancer of the endometrial lining of the uterus

22
Q

Endometritis

A

Inflammation of the endometrium (inner layer of the uterine wall)

23
Q

Fibroid Tumor

A

Benign tumor or growth that contains fiber-like tissue. Uterine fibroid tumors are the most common tumors in women

24
Q

Hysterorrhexis

A

Rupture of the uterus; may occur during labor

25
Q

Menometrorrhagia

A

Excessive bleeding during the menstrual period and at intervals between menstrual periods

26
Q

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

A

Symptoms that develop just prior to the onset of a menstrual period, which can include irritability, headache, tender breasts, and anxiety

27
Q

Prolapsed Uterus

A

Fallen uterus that can cause the cervix to protrude through the vaginal opening. Generally caused by weakened muscles from vaginal delivery or as the result of pelvic tumors pressing down

28
Q

Candidiasis

A

Yeast infection of the skin and mucous membranes that can result in white plaques on the tongue and vagina

29
Q

Cystocele

A

Hernia or outpouching of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina. This may cause urinary frequency and urgency

30
Q

Rectocele

A

Protrusion or herniation of the rectum into the vagina

31
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)

A

Rare and sometimes fatal staphylococcus infection that generally occurs in menstruating women. Initial infection of the vagina is associated with prolonged wearing of a super-absorbent tampon

32
Q

Vaginitis

A

Inflammation of the vagina

33
Q

Endometriosis

A

Abnormal condition of endometrium tissue appearing throughout the pelvis or on the abdominal wall. This tissue is normally found within the uterus

34
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

A

Chronic or acute infection, usually bacterial, that has ascended through the female reproductive organs and out into the pelvic cavity. May result in scarring that interferes with fertility

35
Q

Perimetritis

A

Inflammation in the pelvic cavity around the outside of the uterus

36
Q

Breast Cancer

A

Malignant tumor of the breast. Usually forms in the milk-producing gland tissue or the lining of the milk ducts

37
Q

Fibrocystic Breast Disease

A

Benign cysts forming in the breast

38
Q

Mastitis

A

Inflammation of the breast

39
Q

Abruptio Placentae

A

Emergency condition in which the placenta tears away from the uterine wall prior to delivery of the infant. Requires immediate delivery of the baby

40
Q

Eclampsia

A

Further worsening of preeclampsia symptoms with the addition of seizures and coma; may occur between the 20th week of pregnancy and up to 6 weeks postpartum

41
Q

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN)

A

Condition developing in the baby when the mother’s blood type is Rh-negative and the baby’s blood is Rh-positive. Antibodies in the mother’s blood enter the fetus’s bloodstream through the placenta and destroy the fetus’s red blood cells, causing anemia, jaundice, and enlargement of the spleen. Treatment is early diagnosis and blood transfusion. Also called ‘erythroblastosis fetalis.’

42
Q

Infertility

A

Inability to produce children. Generally defined as no pregnancy after properly timed intercourse for 1 year

43
Q

Placenta Previa

A

A placenta that is implanted in the lower portion of the uterus and, in turn, blocks the birth canal

44
Q

Preeclampsia

A

Metabolic disease of pregnancy. If untreated, it may progress to eclampsia. Symptoms include hypertension, headaches, albumin in the urine, and edema. May occur between the 20th week of pregnancy and up to 6 weeks postpartum. Also called ‘toxemia’ or ‘pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH).’

45
Q

Prolapsed Umbilical Cord

A

When the umbilical cord of the baby is expelled first during delivery and is squeezed between the baby’s
head and the vaginal wall. This presents an emergency situation since the baby’s circulation is compromised

46
Q

Pseudocyesis

A

Condition in which the body reacts as if there is a pregnancy (especially hormonal changes), but there is no pregnancy

47
Q

Salpingocyesis

A

Pregnancy that occurs in the uterine tube instead of in the uterus

48
Q

Spontaneous Abortion

A

Unplanned loss of a pregnancy due to the death of the embryo or fetus before the time it is viable, commonly referred to as a ‘miscarriage.’

49
Q

Stillbirth

A

Birth in which a viable-aged fetus dies shortly before or at the time of delivery

[MT] Lesson 6: Male and Female Reproductive Systems and the Endocrine System (28 decks)

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