The endocrine system Flashcards
Main hormone released from the pineal gland
Melatonin
What is the hormone melatonin responsible for
Important biological rhythm including the sleep wake cycle
What is the main hormone released from the thyroid gland
Thyroxine
What is the hormone thyroxine responsible for
Regulating metabolism
What is the main hormone released from the adrenal cortex
Cortisol
What is the hormone cortisol responsible for
Regulating the body’s stress response, stimulates release of glucose to provide the body with energy but supresses the immune system
What are the main hormone released from the adrenal medulla
Adrenaline and Noradrenaline
What is the main hormones released from the ovaries
Oestrogen
What is oestrogen responsible for
Controls regulation of female reproductive system menstrual cycle and pregnancy
What is the main hormone released from the testes
Testosterone
What is testosterone responsible for
Responsible for development of male sex characteristics during puberty, while also promoting muscle growth
What is the Hypothalamus responsible for
Stimulates and controls and the release of hormones from the pituitary gland
What hormone is released from the pituitary gland (anterior)
ACTH
What is the role of ACTH
Stimulates the adrenal cortex and cortisol during the stress response
What is the main hormone released from the pituitary gland (posterior)
Responsible for contractions of the uterus during childbirth
Instead of using nerves to transmit information the endocrine system uses
Blood vessels
What do hormones do
Excite(stimulate) a particular part of the body
When someone enters a potentially stressful situation what is activated
The amygdala(part if the limbic system)
The amygdala responds to sensory input and connects it with
Emotions associated with the flight or fight response
If a situation is deemed stressful/dangerous, the amygdala sends a distress signal to the
Hypothalamus
If a situation requires a short-term response what is activated
SAM pathway
After a distress signal has been sent to the hypothalamus it communicates with the body through the
Sympathetic nervous system
Following the fight or flight response what is activated
The parasympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system increases our heart rate why
to increase blood flow to organs and increase the movement of adrenaline around the body
