The Elbow

Question 1

Brachialis- location, attachment and movement

Answer 1

Location-Distal humerus Attachment- Coronoid process of ulna Movement- Flexes in all positions

Question 2

Biceps brachii- location, attachment and movement

Answer 2

Location-Humerus Short head- attaches to corocoid process Long head- Supraglenoid tubercle Insertes onto the Radial Tuberosity of radius Movements: Flexor and Powerful supinator

Question 3

Function of Coracobrachialis

Answer 3

Flex and adduct shoulder Resists dislocation

Question 4

Name the muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm

Answer 4

Triceps Anconeus

Question 5

Triceps reflex nerve routes

Answer 5

C7,C8

Question 6

Biceps reflex nerve routes

Answer 6

C5,C6

Question 7

What does the radial nerve pass through? Which muscle does it follow

Answer 7

Radial spiral groove Profunda brachii

Question 8

Bones which form the elbow joint?

Answer 8

Humerus, radius, ulna

Question 9

Function of the epicondyles?

Answer 9

Muscle attachment

Question 10

Name the two articular surfaces of the condyles. Which is larger?

Answer 10

Lateral- capitulum

Medial- trochlea (larger)

Question 11

How many fossas are at the elbow joint? Where are they located?

Answer 11

3 Altogether

2 anteriorly

1 posteriorly

Question 12

Which bones form the medial and lateral side of the forarm

Answer 12

Medial- ulna

Lateral- radius

Question 13

What are the 3 joints which form the elbow joint?

Answer 13

1. Spool-shaped trochlea of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna (humero-ulnar)
2. Spheroidal capitulum of humerus with head of radius (humero-radial)
3. proximal radio-ulnar joint

Question 14

Name the 3 main ligaments on the elbow joint

Answer 14

Radial collateral ligament

Ulnar collaterla ligament

Anular ligament

Question 15

Location of the anular ligament?

Answer 15

Wraps around the head of the radius

Question 16

Which bone in the elbow is most likely to get dislocated?

Answer 16

Radius

Question 17

Name the 3 bursae in the elbow and there location

Answer 17

1. Intratendinous olecranon bursa

–Sometime present in triceps tendon

2. Subtendinous olecranon bursa

–Between olecranon and triceps tendon

3. Subcutaneous olecranon bursa

–Located in subcutaneous connective tissue

Question 18

Which bursa is bursitis most likely to affect?

Answer 18

superficial (subcutaneous) bursa

Question 19

Which mucsles flex the elbow joint?

Answer 19

•Chief elbow flexor

–Biceps brachii (when already flexed to 90o and supine)

–Brachialis

–Brachioradialis

(Rapid and in absence of resistance)

Question 20

Which muscles extend the elbow? Which nerve innervates these mucles?

Answer 20

•Chief elbow extensor

–Triceps brachii

–Anconeus helps triceps to extend the forearm

•Radial Nerve

Question 21

What is are the Chief supinator muscles

Answer 21

Biceps brachii

Supinator

Question 22

What are the Chief pronator muscles? Where are they located?

Answer 22

–pronator teres (at the elbow)

–pronator quadratus (at wrist)

Question 23

Location of the Musculocutaneous nerve

Answer 23

Travels between biceps and brachialis

Question 24

Location of radial nerve

Answer 24

Posterior- radial groove

Anterior to lateral epicondyle

Question 25

Location of median nerve

Answer 25

–Anterior compartment arm –through cubital fossa

Question 26

Location of ulnar nerve

Answer 26

–Anterior compartment arm –POSTERIOR medial epicondyle

Question 27

What is the blood supply of the elbow?

Answer 27

–Anastomosis of brachial, profunda brachii, radial & ulnar artery

Question 28

Boundries of the cubital fossa

Answer 28

–Superior imaginary line between medial and lateral epicondyles –Medially pronator teres –Laterally brachioradialis –Floor (base) brachialis and supinator –Roof brachial and deep fascia reinforced by biciptal aponeurosis

Question 29

What goes through the cubital fossa?

Answer 29

Median nerve Brachial artery and vein