Hand movements

Question 1

What forms the knuckles?

Answer 1

When the metacarpals articulate with the proximal phalanges at the Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint

Question 2

Which movement is possible at the Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint

Answer 2

flexion, extension, abduction and adduction.

Question 3

How many segments of the phalanges are there? Name them and the joint

Answer 3

3

Proximal

Middle

Distal

Joints: –Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP)

Question 4

Whcih movment is enabled at the interphalangeal joints?

Answer 4

flexion and extension

Question 5

What is the collctive name for the bones in the hand? What do they articulate with

Answer 5

Carpals

Articulate with metacrpals

Question 6

How many joints does the thumb have? Name them.

How is this number different to normal digits?

Answer 6

2 joints

1 MCP joint and 1 interphalangeal joint

Question 7

Flex and extend your thumb then check to see if you did it right

Answer 7

–Flexion moves thumb across palm of hand

–Extension, return from flexion and continues

Question 8

Abduct, adduct and do opposition if your thumb

Check to see if you did it right

Answer 8

–Abduction, takes thumb away from palm at right angles

–Adduction, return from abduction

–Opposition: combination of flexion, medial rotation and abduction at CMC and flexion at IP

Question 9

Where do mucles have move the fingers originate from?

Answer 9

–Partly in hand (intrinsic) and,

–Partly in forearm (extrinsic) with tendons going into hand

Question 10

Where do flexors and extensors originate from in the arm?

Answer 10

–Flexors = common origin = medial epicondyle

–Extensors = common origin = lateral epicondyle

Question 11

Name the 4 superficial flexors in the arm

Answer 11

–Pronator teres,

–Flexor carpi radialis

–Palmaris longus

–Flexor carpi ulnaris

–Brachioradialis (technically a muscle of the posterior compartment innervated by radial nerve)

Question 12

Which category of mucles close the had? Name the mucles

Answer 12

Deep flexors

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexor pollcis longus

Question 13

What protects the flexor tendons as they enter the arm? What holds this in place?

Answer 13

Flexor retinaculum and synovial sheaths held in place by fiberous digital tendon sheath

Question 14

What will you find in the carpal tunnel?

Answer 14

FDS

FDP

median nerve

tendon of flexor pollicus longus

Question 15

Function of FDS and FDP

Answer 15

•Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

–flexes MCP and PIP

•Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)

–flexes MCP, PIP, and DIP

Question 16

Function of Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL)?

Answer 16

flexes MCP and IP of thumb

Question 17

Which compartment of muscles open the hand? Name exmaples

Answer 17

•Posterior side of forearm

Extensor digitorum communis,

–4 tendons

Extensor indicis

– index finger

•Extensor digiti minimi

–little finger

Question 18

What is dorsal expansion?

Answer 18

The complex arrangment of fibrous tissue which occurs when tendons insert onto the dorsal surface of fingers

Question 19

Function of thenar and hyperthenar mucles

Answer 19

Thenar- thumb

Hyperthenar- little ingers

Question 20

Name the intrisnic mucsles of the hand ans state there function

Answer 20

• Lumbricals, flex MCP extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th digits
• Dorsal interossei, abduct 2nd-4th digits. Assist lumbricals
• Palmar interossei, adduct 2nd,4th and 5th digits, assist lumbricals