The effects of age on pharmacokinetics Flashcards
What is the definition for a neonate?
0 - 27 days of life.
How do you work out the corrected age?
Chronological age - prematurity
What is the definition for an infant?
28 days - 1 year.
What is the definition for a child?
1 - 18 years.
What is the definition for chronological age?
Age from birth to the current date.
What is the definition for gestational age at birth?
Length of pregnancy from first day of mother’s last menstrual cycle to birth date.
What is the definition for post menstrual age?
Gestational age + Chronological age.
How to work out the corrected age for pre - term neonates?
Chronological age - degree of prematurity.
What is the % of fat in drug distribution for neonates?
10%
What is the % of fat in drug distribution for adults?
25 - 30%
What is the effect on drug distribution for water soluble drugs?
HIGHER volume of distribution for water - soluble drugs in neonates.
What is the effect on drug distribution for fat soluble drugs?
HIGHER volume of distribution for fat - soluble drugs in children and adults.
What is the plasma protein concentration like in neonates and children compared to adults?
It’s LOWER in neonates and children compare to adults.
At what age are full adult levels reached regarding phase 1 reactions?
At the age of 1 to 2 years.
When is the adult rate reached for renal function?
Adults rate is reached towards the end of the first year of life.
What happens to total body water and central body fat with age?
Total body water DEREASES.
Central body fat INCREASES.
What happens to volume of distribution for hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs with age?
Hydrophilic Drugs = DECREASES.
Lipophilic Drugs = INCREASES.
What happens to renal function and excretion of drugs with age?
Both DECREASE.
By how much is there are reduction in blood flow and liver volume when you reach the age of 90?
30 - 60% reduction.
