The Ear

Question 1

The ear houses which 2 senses?

Answer 1

hearing & equilibrium

Question 2

receptors are aka…

Answer 2

mechanoreceptors

Question 3

different organs house _ for each sense

Answer 3

receptors

Question 4

what are the names of the 3 divisions of the ear?

Answer 4

external ear, middle ear (tympanic cavity), & inner ear (bony labyrinth)

Question 5

middle ear is aka..

Answer 5

tympanic cavity

Question 6

inner ear is aka…

Answer 6

bony labyrinth

Question 7

2 structures of the external ear

Answer 7

auricle (pinna), & external acoustic meatus (auditory canal)

Question 8

an auricle is aka…

Answer 8

a pinna

Question 9

narrow chamber in the temporal bone

Answer 9

external acoustic meatus (auditory canal)

Question 10

lined with skin & ceruminous (wax) glands

Answer 10

external acoustic meatus (auditory canal)

Question 11

ceruminous is aka…

Answer 11

wax

Question 12

ends at the tympanic membrane

Answer 12

external acoustic meatus (auditory canal)

Question 13

Air-filled cavity within temporal bone

Answer 13

the middle ear (tympanic cavity)

Question 14

the middle ear is aka…

Answer 14

tympanic cavity

Question 15

only involved in the sense of hearing (2 things)

Answer 15

the middle ear & external ear

Question 16

2 tubes are associated with the _

Answer 16

inner ear

Question 17

the opening from the auditory canal is covered by the _

Answer 17

tympanic membrane

Question 18

the auditory tube connects the _ with the _

Answer 18

connects the middle ear with the throat

Question 19

allows for equalizing pressure during yawning or swallowing

Answer 19

auditory tube

Question 20

other than yawning/swallowing, this tube is otherwise collapsed

Answer 20

auditory tube

Question 21

names the 3 ossicles

Answer 21

malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), stapes (stirrup)

Question 22

name the location of the 3 ossicles

Answer 22

middle ear (tympnic cavity)

Question 23

Vibrations from the eardrum move the >>>

Answer 23

hammer> anvil> stirrup> inner ear

Question 24

includes sense organs for hearing & balance

Answer 24

inner ear

Question 25

the inner ear is aka...

Answer 25

the bony labyrinth

Question 26

filled w/ perilymph

Answer 26

the inner ear

Question 27

contains a maze of bony chambers within the temporal bone

Answer 27

inner ear

Question 28

the 3 bony chambers within the temporal bone

Answer 28

cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals

Question 29

equilibrium receptors of the inner ear are called _

Answer 29

vestibular apparatus

Question 30

the 2 functional parts of the vestibular apparatus

Answer 30

static and dynamic equilibrium

Question 31

receptors in the vestibule

Answer 31

maculae

Question 32

maculae are a part of...

Answer 32

static equilibrium

Question 33

report on the position of the head

Answer 33

maculae

Question 34

send info via the vestibular tube

Answer 34

maculae

Question 35

anatomy of the maculae: hair cells are embedded in the _

Answer 35

otolithic membrane

Question 36

tiny stones aka...

Answer 36

otolithes

Question 37

anatomy of the maculae: _ float in a gel around the hair cells

Answer 37

otolithes

Question 38

movemements cause otolithes to bend _

Answer 38

the hair cells

Question 39

these receptors respond to angular/ rotary movements

Answer 39

dynamic equilibrium

Question 40

in the ampulla of each semicircular canal

Answer 40

crista ampullaris

Question 41

crista ampullaris: dynamic equilibrium receptors are located in the _

Answer 41

semicircular canals

Question 42

tuft of hair cells covered with cupula (gelatinous cap)

Answer 42

crista ampularis

Question 43

dynamic equilibrium receptors

Answer 43

crista ampullaris

Question 44

if the head moves, the cupula drags against the _

Answer 44

endolymph

Question 45

gelatinous cap aka..

Answer 45

cupula

Question 46

action of angular head movements

Answer 46

dynamic equilibrium

Question 47

the movement of the _ stimulates hair cells

Answer 47

cupula

Question 48

dynamic equilibrium: an impulse sent via the _ to the _

Answer 48

via the vestibular nerve to the cerebellum

Question 49

located within the cochlea

Answer 49

organ of corti

Question 50

hair cells on the basilar membrane

Answer 50

receptors

Question 51

gel-like tectorial membrane is capable of...

Answer 51

bending hair cells

Question 52

cochlear nerve attached to hair cells transmits nerve impulses to _ on the temporal lobe

Answer 52

auditory cortex

Question 53

vibrations from sound waves move _

Answer 53

tectorial membrane

Question 54

_ are bent by the tectorial membrane

Answer 54

hair cells

Question 55

an action potential starts where?

Answer 55

in the cochlear nerve

Question 56

from the cochlear nerve where would an action potential/impulse travel?

Answer 56

the temporal lobe

Question 57

continued stimulation can lead to...

Answer 57

adaption

Question 58

_ pitched sounds disturb the short, stiff fibers of the basilar membrane

Answer 58

high pitched

Question 59

high pitched: receptor cells close to the _ are stimulated

Answer 59

oval window

Question 60

_ pitched sounds disturb the long, floppy fibers of the basilar membrane

Answer 60

low pitched

Question 61

low pitched: specific hair cells further along the _ are affected

Answer 61

cochlea

Question 62

structures composing the outer ear

Answer 62

pinna, external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane

Question 63

structures composing the bony/ osseous labyrinth

Answer 63

cochlea, semicircular canals, vestibule

Question 64

name the ossicles

Answer 64

anvil (incus), hammer (malleus), stirrup (stapes)

Question 65

2 ear structures not involved with hearing

Answer 65

vestibule, semicircular canals

Question 66

chemical substances must be dissolved in aqueous solution to activate receptors for _ & _

Answer 66

smell & taste

Question 67

hairs are actually _ or _ with receptor sites

Answer 67

cilia or microvilli

Question 68

diff chem's bind to diff receptor sites varying our perceptions of...

Answer 68

taste & smell

Question 69

the olfactory "smell" receptors are located in the _ aspect of each nasal cavity

Answer 69

superior aspect

Question 70

sniffling helps to bring more air (containing odors) over the _

Answer 70

olfactory mucosa

Question 71

olfactory pathways are closely linked to the _ "_"

Answer 71

limbic system "emotional brain"

Question 72

odors stimulate the recall of _ & arouse emotional responses

Answer 72

memories

Question 73

gustatory (taste) cells are located in the _ primarily on the _

Answer 73

taste buds, primarily on the tongue

Question 74

name the 5 major taste sensations

Answer 74

sweet, salt, sour, bitter, umami

Question 75

sweet:

Answer 75

sugars & sacharrine

Question 76

salt:

Answer 76

metal ions in solution

Question 77

sour:

Answer 77

hydrogen ions (H+) or acidity of solution

Question 78

bitter:

Answer 78

alkaloids, (many poisons)

Question 79

umami:

Answer 79

amino acid glutamate "beef taste"/ MSG, monosodium glutamate (flavor enhancer)

Question 80

influenced by sense of smell

Answer 80

taste