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Anatomy > The Brain > Flashcards

The Brain Flashcards

1
Q

avg mass of brain for adult male & female

A

male: 1600g (3.5 lbs), female: 1450 g (3.2 lbs)

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2
Q

4 regions of the brain include:

A

cerebral hemispheres (cerebrum), diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

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3
Q

paired (left & right) superior parts of the brain

A

cerebral hemispheres

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4
Q

each of the cerebral hemispheres consist of 3 things:

A

cortex, white matter, & basal nuclei

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5
Q

includes more than half of the brain’s mass

A

cerebrum

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6
Q

Cerebrum is made of ridges (___) & grooves (___)

A 
ridges= gyri
grooves= sulci
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7
Q

the surface is made of ridges and grooves

A

cerebrum

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8
Q

____ divide the cerebrum into lobes

A

fissures (deep grooves)

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9
Q

“executive site” of the nervous system

A

cerebral cortex

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10
Q

where our conscious mind is found

A

cerebral cortex

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11
Q

enables us to be aware of ourselves and our sensations

A

cerebral cortex

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12
Q

enables us to communicate, remember, understand

A

cerebral cortex

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13
Q

initiates voluntary movements

A

cerebral cortex

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14
Q

composed of gray matter: neuron cell bodies, dendrites, associated neuroglia & blood vessels

A

cerebral cortex

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15
Q

neuron cell bodies, dendrites, associated neuroglia & blood vessels

A

gray matter

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16
Q

modern imaging techniques have shown that specific ___& ___functions are localized in discrete areas within the ___

A

motor & sensory … within the cortex

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17
Q

higher mental functions, such as ___& ___involve language overlap & are spread over large areas of the ___

A

memory & language…within the cortex

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18
Q

receives impulses from the body’s sensory receptors

A

primary somatic sensory area

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19
Q

located in the parietal lobe

A

primary somatic sensory area

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20
Q

sends impulses to the skeletal muscles

A

primary motor area

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21
Q

located in the frontal lobe

A

primary motor area

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22
Q

involved in our ability to speak

A

broca’s area

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23
Q

4 cerebral areas involved in special senses:

A

gustatory area (taste), visual area, auditory area, olfactory area

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24
Q

involved in intellectual reasoning & socially acceptable behavior

A

anterior association area

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25
Q

recognizing faces and patterns

A

posterior association area

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26
Q

speech area

A

posterior association area

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27
Q

fiber tracts deep to the gray matter

A

white matter

28
Q

islands of gray matter buried within the white matter

A

basal nuclei

29
Q

sits on top of the brain stem

A

diencephalon

30
Q

enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres

A

diencephalon

31
Q

made up of thalamus, hypothalamus, & epithalamus

A

diencephalon

32
Q

surrounds the 3rd ventricle

A

thalamus

33
Q

relay station for sensory impulses

A

thalamus

34
Q

Thalamus: transfers impulses to the correct part of the cortex for ___ & ____

A

localization & interpretation

35
Q

under the thalamus

A

hypothalamus

36
Q

important autonomic nervous system center

A

hypothalamus

37
Q

helps regulate body temp

A

hypothalamus

38
Q

controls water balance

A

hypothalamus

39
Q

regulates metabolism

A

hypothalamus

40
Q

houses the limbic center for emotions

A

hypothalamus

41
Q

regulates the nearby pituitary gland (which produces 2 hormones of its own)

A

hypothalamus

42
Q

forms the roof of the 3rd ventricle

A

epithalamus

43
Q

houses the pineal body (an endocrine gland)

A

epithalamus

44
Q

includes the choroid plexus- produces cerebrospinal fluid

A

epithalamus

45
Q

attaches to the spinal cord

A

brain stem

46
Q

3 parts of the brain stem

A

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

47
Q

mostly composed of tracts of nerve fibers

A

midbrain

48
Q

has 2 bulging fiber tracts

A

midbrain

49
Q

the 2 bulging fiber tracts of the midbrain are called:

A

cerebral peduncles (midbrain)

50
Q

convey ascending & descending impulses

A

cerebral peduncles (midbrain)

51
Q

has four rounded protrusions

A

midbrain

52
Q

the 4 rounded protrusions of the midbrains are called:

A

corpora quadrigemina (midbrain)

53
Q

reflex centers for vision & hearing

A

corpora quadrigemina (midbrain)

54
Q

the bulging center part of the brain stem

A

pons

55
Q

mostly composed of fiber tracts

A

pons

56
Q

includes nuclei involved in the control of breathing

A

pons

57
Q

lowest part of the brain stem

A

medulla oblongata

58
Q

merges into the spinal cord

A

medulla oblongata

59
Q

includes important fiber tracts

A

medulla oblongata

60
Q

contains important control centers

A

medulla oblongata

61
Q

the important control centers of the medulla oblongata are: (5 of them)

A

vomiting, swallowing, heart rate control, BP regulation, breathing

62
Q

reticular formation: ___ mass of gray matter along the brain stem

A

diffuse

63
Q

reticular formation: ______- plays a role in awake/sleep cycles & consciousness

A

reticular activating system (RAS)

64
Q

reticular formation: filters out flood of ___ input of the CNS

A

sensory

65
Q

2 hemispheres w/ convoluted surfaces

A

cerebellum

66
Q

provides involuntary coordination of body movements

A

cerebellum

67
Q

pons & medulla make up:

A

the brain stem

Anatomy (7 decks)

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