the digestive system Flashcards
Proteins
-Growth and maintenance of all body cell and tissues
-source of energy
Carbonhydrates
Supplies energy to cells
Lipids (fats)
-Fat supply and store energy
-insulate and cushion organs
-involved in absorption of fat soluble vitamins
Vitamins
Promote specific chemical reactions within cells
Minerals
-growth and maintenance of bone and teeth
-involved in osmoregulation
-nerve transmission
-muscle contraction
-transport systems and other functions
Fibre
Increases bulk and water in the intestinal contents to promote and regulate normal bowel function
Water
-makes up 60-70% of body weight
-provides a medium for chemical reaction
-transports chemical
-regulates temperature
-remove waste product
what are the 7 nutrients?
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
vitamins
minerals
fibre
water
what are the four parts of the stomach in the ruminant digestive system?
rumen
reticulum
omasum
abomasum
what happens in the rumen?
fermentation occurs
microbes secrete enzymes to break down food
reverse peristalsis
what happens in the reticulum?
filters food from the rumen
only sufficiently broken-down food can pass through
what happens in the omasum?
some water and salts are asorbed
remaining matter is passed to the abomasum
what happens in the abomasum?
the true stomach
digestive enzymes and acids are added
what makes up the small intestine in the monogastric system?
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
what is specialized about the hindgut fermenters digestive system?
they have a cecum-this is where a large number of microbes ferment the food
what is the order of the bird’s digestive system? (There are 7 parts)
mouth
oesophagus
crop
proventriculus
ventriculus (gizzard)
two ceca
cloaca
Bird digestive system:
what is the crop?
temporary storage area
Bird digestive system:
what is the proventriculus?
where the digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid are added
Bird digestive system:
what happens in the ventriculus (gizzrd)?
where mechanical digestion happens
Bird digestive system:
where is the two ceca located?
in between the small and large intestine
Bird digestive system:
what happens in the two ceca?
water is reabsorbed and food is fermented
what is ruminant bloat caused by?
a buildup of gas in the rumen- can be fatal
what is frothy bloat caused by?
foam in rumen trapping gas
what is free gas bloat caused by?
obstructions in the oesophagus
what is the treatment for bloat?
surgery
what can cause sickness and diarrhoea?
unsuitable amounts of food
contaminated food
unsuitable types of food
stress
Pathagon’s
