respiratory system Flashcards
where is the larynx located? what is the function of the larynx?
-top of trachea
-origin of vocalization
what is the pharynx?
the area at the back of the throat
what is the trachea?
-tube connecting pharynx and larynx to the lungs
-maintained by rings of cartilage
what are the alveoli?
tiny pockets in lungs
where gas exchange occurs
what are the bronchioles?
smaller airways connecting the bronchi to the alveoli
what are the bronchi?
main airways leading to lungs
avian respiratory differences:
what are the nares?
the avian equivalent of nostrils
avian respiratory differences:
what is the difference with the larynx?
not used for vocalization
the syrinx is used for vocalization
what are 3 other avian respiratory differences?
-7or 9 air sacs which extend into some bones
-no diaphragm- pressure changes to move air through air sacs
-air capillaries instead of alveoli for gas exchange
what is aerobic respiration?
scientific equation
respiration with air
glucose + oxygen (+energy) -> carbon dioxide + water
what is anaerobic respiration?
scientific equation
respiration without air
glucose (+ energy) (broken down to) -> lactic acid
what is haemoglobin?
(4)
-protein found in red blood cells
-carries four oxygen molecules
-used to transport oxygen all over the body
-removes carbon dioxide as waste product
what is myoglobin?
(5)
-found in muscle cells
-is an oxygen and iron binding protein
-releases oxygen to muscle cells when oxygen concentration is low
-only carries one oxygen molecule
-acts as oxygen store
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what is foetal haemoglobin?
(2)
-a foetus cannot use its lungs, so it relies on exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide via diffusion from mothers’ blood
-foetal haemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen
