The diagnostic laboratory process Flashcards

1
Q

Hvorfor skal man tage en cystocentese fremfor midtstråle urin ?

A

Lavere antal bakterier udtaget fra prøve ved cystocentese kan være signifikant og repræsentere infektion.

De høje værdier ved midtstråleurin giver større sandsynlighed for falsk positiv

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2
Q

Hvordan vil du tage prøver i øvre og nedre luftveje ?

A
  • Upper airways
  • Preferably take sample by rhinoscopy
  • Avoid contamination from external nares
  • Lower airways
  • Preferably bronchoalveolar lavage
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3
Q

Nævn en selektiv og en non-selektive agar

A
  • Non-selective: blood agar

* Selective: MacConkey etc.

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4
Q

Hvilke 3 prøver vil de udså på SAB agar?

A

Hud og næsesvab og øresvab

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5
Q

Du mistænker hund for E-coli diarre. Hvilken agar ?

A

MacConkey agar og derefter PCR

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6
Q

Du mistænker salmonella hos hund. Hvilken agar ?

A

Inkuber i buffered peptone water (BPW) og dernæst på MSRV agar ved 41,5 grader . MRSV agar er en blå agarplade.

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7
Q

Du mistænker en hund for campylobactor. Hvilken agar ?

A

CCDA agar (helt sort, og får hvide kolonier) og inkuber i anaerobe forhold.

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8
Q

Forklar alfa-hæmolyse, beta-hæmolyse, Delta-hæmolyse og dobbelt hæmolyse

A

Alfa: Green-coloured zone (strepto. Suis) eller Broad, CLEAR zone with blurred edge (S. aureus)

Beta: Broad, DARK zone with blurred edge (S. aureus)
(Ex. strepto. equi har beta-hæmolyse)

Delta: NARROW, clear zone with sharp edge (S. Aureus)

Dobbelt: Beta-delta-hemolytic (S. aureus)

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9
Q

Forklar MacConkey agar

A

Indeholder galdesyre (som inhiberer G+). Selektriv for gram negative.

Lac + –> Pinke kolonier (syre)

such as Escherichia coli, Enterobacter and Klebsiella

Lac% –> Gule kolonier (basisk)

such as Salmonella, Proteus species, Yersinia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella

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10
Q

Du har en prøve med gram positive kokker. Hvordan vil du skelne imellem om det er streptokokker eller staphylokokker ?

A

Streptokokker:

CAT%

Glu F
Mot%

Staphylokokker

CAT+

Glu F
Mot%

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11
Q

Du har en prøve med gram negative stave. Hvordan vil du differentiere dem ?

A

De inddeles i fermentative og non-fermentative. SE SLIDE 29

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12
Q

Forklar kaskade reglen

A
  1. Use medicine licensed for the animal species and indication
    present
  2. Use medicine licensed for another animal species or another
    indication
  3. Use medicine licensed for human use
  4. Use medicine made in a pharmacy (magistrelt fremstillet)
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