The Demographic Transition Model

Question 1

Hugh stationary high fluctuating

Answer 1

Examples: a few remote groups
Birth rate : high
Death rate: high
Natural increase : stable and fluctuating

Reasons for change in birth rate:
many children needed to work on the land.
Many children die at an early age.
Religious and social reasons.
No family planning

Reasons for change in death rage
Disease, famine. Poor medical knowledge so many children die

Question 2

Stage 2 early expanding

Answer 2

Example : niger, mali, Angola
Birth : remains high
Death rate: falls rapidly
Natural increase : very rapid increase
Reasonable for birth rate: no family planning
Many children needed to work on the land
Religious and social reasons

Reasons for death rate : improvement in food and clean wat4r supply, sanitation and hygiene. Medical care advances, more vaccines. Fewer children die

Question 3

Stage 3

Answer 3

Late explanding
Examples: Egypt, Pakistan, phillipines
Birth rate: starts to fall
Death rate: falls more slowly
Natural increase : increase slows down
Reasons for change in birth rate: conditions change so fewer children needed. Lower MIR. Contraception.
Reasons for change in death rate: improvements in food and clean water supply, sanitation and hygiene. Medical care advances, more vaccines fewer children die

Question 4

Low stationary low f.uctuating

Answer 4

Example: USA, Canada, UK, China
Birth rate: low and steadies
Death rate : starts to level out
Natural increase : slow increase, some fluctuations
Reasons for change in birth rate: more family planning. Improved status of women with careers
Reasons for change in death rate: good health care established. Reliable food supply