Malaria

Question 1

What are the environmental conditions that allow Malaria to thrive

Answer 1

Temperatures between 16 degrees and 25 degrees celcius
Hot weather causes people to sleep outside or in the fields or nearby where they won’t have protection from mosquitoes through bed nets

Mosquitoes breed in areas of clean, warm stagnant water (puddles, rice fields) and therefore vector breeding using occurs after rainfall - transmission is usually largest after
rainy season

Mosquitoes only live for about 2 months – but can live longer in warmer climates

Question 2

What are the socio- economic factors that allow malaria to thrive?

Answer 2

Not protecting yourself from transmission due to lack of health care facilities
and education

People who holiday in these areas have low immunity and are more
susceptible to transmission. People exposed to disease over long periods of
time develop partial immunity- hence infection rates are higher in children.

People who are more at risk- children, pregnant women, people with
HIV/AIDS, travellers from malaria free zones.

Question 3

By how much has malaria reduced since 2000

Answer 3

increased o revention and control measures have led to a 60% reduction in malaria mortality rates globally since 2000

Question 4

What part of Africa has the most cases of Malaria

Answer 4

sub-saharan africa has the highest concentration of cases and deaths worldwide, with 93%, most of thr cases occur in LICS, Niger, DRC and Cameroon have some of the highest amount of deaths with more than 100 per 100,00 people.

Countries in Asia also share the burden of deaths from Malaria however it is significantly lower

Question 5

Impacts on health and well-being

Answer 5

The initial symptoms are flu-like and include

-fatigue
-vomiting
-diarrohea
- sweats
- headache and body aches
- a high temperature (fever

The most serious type of makaria is caused by plasmodium falciparum parasite- could lead to you quickly developing severe and life- threatening complications, such as;

• yellow skin
• organ failure (kidney)
• convulsions

During pregnancy malaria can lead to severe anaemia and also cause low birth weight

Question 6

Socio-economic conditions that allow malaria to thrive

Answer 6

Housing
Sanitary conditions
Occupation- agricultural workers higher risk
Rural vs urban - rural areas more at risk
Age and gender - usually under 5 but in Gambia it is thought to be changing to 5-14 due to prevention in younger groups and better educations and awareness
Income - can they afford prevention treatment?