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History A2 Ireland > The decline of the IPP and the Rise of Sinn Fein > Flashcards

The decline of the IPP and the Rise of Sinn Fein Flashcards

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1
Q

What was Griffith’s middle way

A

a monarchist approach between Home Rule and a republic

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2
Q

How many seats did Sinn Fein win in 1910

A

7

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3
Q

Who was criticised for their heavy-handed approach to the handling of the rebels of 1916

A

Major-General Sir John Maxwell

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4
Q

What did the British government wrongly term the Easter Rising

A

the Sinn Fein Rebellion

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5
Q

The protracted and secretive nature of the executions shocked Ireland as the image of “–” was prevalent

A

“blood seeping under a closed door”

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6
Q

Which rebel was shot propped up on a chair because he could not stand up

A

James Connolly

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7
Q

Which historian described the build up of a “cult of dead leaders” after the rebels executions

A

Lyons

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8
Q

Which historian said this: “Sinn Fein’s birth certificate had been written with steel in the immortal blood of the martyrs of 1916.”

A

Sean O’Kelly

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9
Q

Dillon exposed the British atrocity whereby which writer was murdered whilst in custody

A

Francis Sheeky-Skeffington

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10
Q

What had Cardinal Logue said about the Lloyd-George negotiations

A

“it would be infinitely better to remain as we are for 50 more years than to accept these proposals”

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11
Q

What did Redmond say at Woodenbridge

A

He pledged Irish support to serve “not only in Ireland itself, but wherever the firing line extends”

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12
Q

Redmond’s woodenbridge speech caused a split in the IVF. How many joined the newly created Irish Volunteers under Eoin MacNeill

A

12 000

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13
Q

What cabinet did Redmond refuse to join, thus allowing Carson and B-L to exert significant influence

A

the War Cabinet

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14
Q

The IPP won 5 by elections between what — 1914 and —-1916

A

December 1914 and March 1916

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15
Q

What did Redmond agree to during the Lloyd George negotiations which dealt a fatal blow to the IPP

A

He agreed to a compromise of temporary exclusion of Fermanangh, Antrim, Tyrone, Londonderry, Armagh and Down even though this did not happen as Br govt insisted on permamnent exclusion

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16
Q

When were the Lloyd George negotiations

A

May-July 1916

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17
Q

When was the West Cork by-election

A

November 1916

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18
Q

Did SF or the IPP win the West Cork by-election

A

IPP

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19
Q

Who represented Sinn Fein in the West Cork by-election

A

MacCurtain, an interned volunteer in Reading

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20
Q

Who succeeded Asquith as Br PM

A

Lloyd George

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21
Q

One of Lloyd George’s first acts as PM was to release internees from —– and —– jail in Dec 1916

A

Frongoch and Reading jail

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22
Q

When was the North Roscommon by-election

A

3 Feb 1917

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23
Q

Who represented Sinn Fein, whilst standing as an independent, in the North Roscommon by-election

A

Count George Noble Plunkett

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24
Q

Who was Count George Noble Plunkett the father of

A

executed IRB leader Joseph Plunkett

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25
Q

In what by-election did youthful SF volunteers carry elderly voters through the snow, bridging the generation gap

A

the North Roscommon by election

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26
Q

Who helped involve the younger clergy in the North Roscommon by-election

A

Father Flanagan

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27
Q

Who, newly released from Frongoch, campaigned dynamically for the North Roscommon byelection

A

Michael Collins

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28
Q

What were the results of the North Roscommon by-election

A

SF 3077 votes
IPP 1708

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29
Q

Within Sinn Fein, there were divisions in the leadership between

A

Plunkett and Griffith

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30
Q

Plunkett’s overbearing leadership style alienated many of the bodies which combined to make up the separatist movement. This was made clear by many separatist delegates refusing to attend —– after being invited by Plunkett

A

the April convention at Dublin Mansion House

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31
Q

A split in SF was averted when Griffith and —- pieced together a compromise: “The Mansion House Committee”

A

O’Flanagan

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32
Q

By Oct 1917, how many members did Sinn Fein have

A

200 000

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33
Q

In July 1917, how many members did Sinn Fein have

A

11 000

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34
Q

By Oct 1917, how many clubs did Sinn Fein have

A

1200, a SF club in every parish in Ireland

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35
Q

When was the South Longford by-election

A

May 1917

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36
Q

Who did SF run in the South Longford by-election

A

a prisoner candidate, Joe McGuiness

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37
Q

In the South Longford by-election, Michael Collins persisted with the campaign slogan —-

A

“Put him in, to get him out.”

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38
Q

What about the South Longford by-election suggests SF vote-rigging

A

First count, IPP’s Patrick MacKenna won by 37 votes but more votes were later discovered

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39
Q

Who stood for the IPP in the South Longford by-elections

A

Patrick MacKenna

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40
Q

When did Dillon accuse Lloyd George in the House of Commons of “manufacturing Sinn Feiners by tens of thousands” and undermining constitutional nationalism

A

26 Feb 1917

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41
Q

Who, on the 8 May 1917, right before the South Longford by-election, blasted the IPP in the ‘Irish Independent’ for its concessions on partition

A

Dr William Walsh, Archbishop of Dublin

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42
Q

When were Eamon de Valera and Thomas Ashe released from Lewes jail

A

June 1917

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43
Q

Which newspaper remarked that “Most young priests support Sinn Fein… their attitudes are undoubtedly doing harm to the Redmondite prospects.”

A

The Irish Times

44
Q

Which historian argues that the bonding between Sinn Fein and the church was putting “an end to the claims that Sinn Fein was led by a bunch of dangerous and unpredictable revolutionaries”

A

Rees

45
Q

When was the East Clare by-election

A

11 July 1917

46
Q

Who represented SF in the East Clare by-election

A

De Valera

47
Q

What did De Valera do in the East Clare by-election to present himself as an Easter Rising hero

A

campaigned in his Volunteer uniform

48
Q

What did De Valera promise to do if elected

A

refuse to take his seat at Westminster and demand a place at the postwar Peace Conference

49
Q

Which Easter hero won the Kilkenny by-election August 1917

A

W T Cosgrave

50
Q

Where was Thomas Ashe imprisoned the second time

A

Mountjoy jail

51
Q

How did Thomas Ashe die

A

he went on hunger strike in Mountjoy jail, demanding special category status, was subsequently force fed by the British government and died

52
Q

When did Thomas Ashe die

A

September 1917

53
Q

How many people attended the funeral of Thomas Ashe

A

40 000

54
Q

Where did Collins make the graveside oration at the funeral of Thomas Ashe

A

Glasnevin

55
Q

Which 3 people were the key players for the SF Volunteers

A

De Valera, Collins and Brugha

56
Q

DeV, Collins and Brugha intended to hold a separate convention at the same time as —–

A

the SF Ard Fheis Oct 1917

57
Q

When was the SF Ard Fheis

A

25 and 26 Oct 1917

58
Q

Who was made president of the Sinn Fein Executive

A

De Valera

59
Q

Who became vice president of the Sinn Fein Executive

A

Griffith

60
Q

What was the ‘compromise formula’ which DeV came up with at the SF And Fheis 1917

A

“Sinn Fein aims at securing the international recognition of Ireland as an independent Irish republic. Having achieved that status, the Irish people may, by referendum, freely choose their own form of government.”

61
Q

What did De Valera say in his presidential address which opponents later used against him

A

“We are not doctrinaire republicans”

62
Q

De Valera was key in maintaining SF unity, what did he say about the Dec 1918 general election at the SF Ard Fheis which encapsulates his thinking

A

“get this and we will agree to differ afterwards”

63
Q

When did the Volunteer executive meet, electing De Valera as President of the Volunteers

A

27 October 1917

64
Q

What did historian Rees say about De Valera’s dual role of president of both the volunteers and Sinn Fein Executive

A

“It fused the physical force and constitutional elements, and this proved crucial in the struggle for Irish freedom.”

65
Q

When was the Irish Convention

A

July 1917

66
Q

Where did the Irish Convention eet

A

Trinity College, Dublin

67
Q

Why did Ulster Unionists have little reason to attend the Irish Convention

A

They had already been guaranteed partition by the Lloyd George Talks

68
Q

Who led the Southern Unionists in the Irish Convention

A

Midleton

69
Q

Why did Sinn Fein not attend the Irish Convention 1917 (2 reasons)

A
  • they wanted a Republic, not home rule, so saw lil pt in attending
  • their electoral gains had been largely due to Redmond’s willigness to debate and compromise. Thus their own participation in similar tactics would leave them open to debate and ridicule
70
Q

Which group was unconstructively silent during the Irish Convention 1917

A

Ulster Unionists

71
Q

Why did Southern Unionists co-operate with Nationalitss

A

they recognised that constitutional nationalism was their best defence to the radical republican movement, and conceded that some form of Irish selfgovt was inevitable.

72
Q

Redmond gave his support. to the Midleton compromise over custom duties on what date

A

4 Jan 1918

73
Q

When did Redmond return to Dublin for crucial debate of Irish Convention to find that his closest colleagues opposed the Midleton compromise

A

15 Jan 1918

74
Q

Which 3 of Redmond’s closest colleagues opposed his concession of fiscal autonomy in the Midleton Compromise

A

Devlin, Bishop O’Donnell and Dillon

75
Q

When did Redmond die

A

6 March 1918

76
Q

What did Historian McDowell say about the Ulster Unionists presence in the Irish Convention

A

“they had come not to help, but to wreck”

77
Q

Postwar, IPP won 3 successive by elections, 2 of which were in

A

Ulster

78
Q

In County Waterford, who won a seat for the IPP

A

Captain Willie Redmond, son of John Redmond

79
Q

When the German offensive on the Western front created a sudden shortage of manpower in the Br power, the cabinet now looked to Ireland to produce the —- men needed

A

150 000

80
Q

When was the Military Service Bill introduced

A

10 April 1918

81
Q

When was the Military Service Bill passed

A

16 April 1918

82
Q

During the debate over Conscription crisis at Westminster, what did Dillon do

A

warned the Br govt that “All Ireland will rise against you.” before leading his party from the house

83
Q

When was the Mansion House Conference 1918

A

18 April

84
Q

Who attended the Mansion House Conference of 1918

A

SF, IPP, Labour representatives and William O’Brien (leader of dissident Nationalist All for Ireland League)

85
Q

What was De Valera;s anti conscription pledge of the Mansion House Conference 1918

A

They promised “to resist conscription by the most effective means at our disposal”

86
Q

Where did bishops of the Catholic Church meet when signing a statement in which they claimed that the Irish people had a right to resist conscription “by all means that are consonant with the law of God”

A

Maynooth

87
Q

In May 1918 the British compounded their conscription error by ordering the arrest of — SF leaders by the new Chief governor in Ireland

A

73

88
Q

who was the new Chief governor in Ireland who ordered the arrest of many SF leaders

A

Viceroy Lord French

89
Q

How did Michael Collins exploit his knowledge of plans for the German Plot

A

he planted leaders in locations the police could expect to find them, being fully aware of the publicity value of having Irish political leaders incarcerated in British prisons

90
Q

Which 4 key people were arrested due to the ‘German Plot’ conspiracy

A

de Valera, Griffith, Plunkett and Markievicz

91
Q

When was the East Cavan by-election

A

21 June 1918

92
Q

Who did SF nominate as their candidate for the East Cavan by-election

A

Griffith

93
Q

Who won the East Cavan by-election

A

Griffith

94
Q

When did Viceroy Lord Frencg declare that SF, Volunteers, Cumann na mBan and the Gaelic League were dangerous associations

A

3 July 1918

95
Q

What were the results of the East Cavan by-election

A

Griffith won by 3785 votes to 2581

96
Q

When did Labour’s party executive vote to stand down from the 1918 election 96-23

A

1 November 1918

97
Q

How did a paper shortage affect the IPP’s campaign

A

Dillon had to rely on the press, but a paper shortage meant that the circulation of the ‘Freeman’s journal’ was restricted to 20-25 000 copies compared to the usual 50 000, hampering their campaign

98
Q

When did WW1 End

A

11 November 1918

99
Q

What was SF’s 4 point manifesto for the Dec 1918 election

A
  • Abstain from Westminster
  • Use ‘any and every means available to render impotent the power of England to hold Ireland in subjection’
  • Establish its own constituent assembly
  • Take Ireland’s case for independence to the Peace COnference
100
Q

When were Results for the Dec 1918 election announced

A

28 Dec 1918

101
Q

How many seats did SF win in the Dec 1918 GE

A

73 seats

102
Q

How many seats did Unionists win in the Dec 1918 GE

A

26 seats

103
Q

How many seats did the IPP win in the Dec 1918 GE

A

6 seats

104
Q

How many seats did SF win without a contest, most of which being in Munster

A

25 seats

105
Q

The 1918 GE was held with universal suffrage, how much did this increase the Irish electorate

A

700 000 voters to just under 2 million

History A2 Ireland (9 decks)

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