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History A2 Ireland > Easter Rising 1916 > Flashcards

Easter Rising 1916 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who was Sir Edward Grey

A

Foreign Secretary

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2
Q

When did Sir Edward Grey announce to the HoC that Britain was preparing for war with Germany

A

3 August 1914

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3
Q

What did Redmond spontaneously do after Sir Edward Grey’s announcement

A

A Commons speech in which he pledged Ireland’s support for the war

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4
Q

Who was not contactable for Redmond on making the decision to pledge Ireland’s support for the war

A

Dillon and Devlin

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5
Q

Who thought that the Bachelor’s Walk Incident and subsequent funerals made Redmond’s gesture impossible for the Irish to support

A

T P O’Connor

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6
Q

Redmond offered Irish support for the war partly because of Ireland’s link to ?

A

Belgium

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7
Q

What does historian Maume say is one of Redmond’s reasons for pledging Irish support for the war

A

result of a “moral debt” from Britain passing HR

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8
Q

What did Redmond write to Asquith the day after his Commons speech

A

If the HR bill was postponed, “the result will. be disastrous, I will not be able to hold the people”

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9
Q

When did Asquith formally announce his intentions to put HR on the statute books w/ a suspensory act

A

15 Sep 1914

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10
Q

Asquith clarified that the HR bill wouldn’t come into effect until which 2 things happened

A
  • war ended
  • the question of Ulster had been settled by an amending bill
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11
Q

15 Sep 1914, B-L returned a bitter speech accusing the govt of ?. After the speech, all the opposition ?

A

betraying unionists
marched out of the HoC

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12
Q

When was the HR bill put on the statute books

A

18 Sep 1914

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13
Q

How did Sir Edward Grey describe Ireland during WW1

A

“the one bright spot in this very dreadful situation”

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14
Q

When was Redmond’s Woodenbridge speech

A

20 Sep 1914

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15
Q

Redmond made his Woodenbridge speech to a group of ?

A

East Wicklow Volunteers

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16
Q

What is the key quote/appeal from Redmond’s wooden bridge speech

A

appealed to Volunteers to serve
“not only in Ireland, but wherever the firing line extends”

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17
Q

What was the immediate impact of Redmond’s wooden bridge speech

A

a split in the Irish Volunteers

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18
Q

When did a special meeting of the original committee members under Eoin MacNeill meet to consider Woodenbridge

A

24 Sep 1914

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19
Q

How many members of the original IVF committee repudiated Redmond’s new Woodenbridge policy

A

20 out of 27

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20
Q

How many National Volunteers were there after Woodenbridge

A

160 000

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21
Q

How many Irish Volunteers were there after Woodenbridge

A

12 000

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22
Q

Who did the National Volunteers support

A

Redmond

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23
Q

Who did the Irish Volunteers support

A

Eoin MacNeill

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24
Q

By Woodenbridge, how was Redmond simply acting as if HR was already in place

A

under terms HR act, decisions on ‘peace and war’ would be made by the Westminster parliament

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25
Q

What old fenian maxim prompted the use of British distraction with the European conflict for a rebellion

A

“England’s difficulty is Ireland’s opportunity”

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26
Q

The uneven split in the Irish Volunteers allowed the IRB to ?

A

infiltrate and manipulate the IVF

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27
Q

What did Redmond say summer 1915

A

“there is nothing more certain in this world that as soon as the war ends Ireland will enter into the enjoyment of her inheritance”

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28
Q

In the months following Woodenbridge, Redmond’s National Volunteers kept busy by doing which 2 things

A
  1. popular succession of Sunday parades
  2. new committee elected w Redmond president with a weekly newspaper titled “The National Volunteer”
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29
Q

After the outbreak of WW1, who became the Secretary of State for War

A

Lord Kitchener

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30
Q

Which 2 people met with Kitchener to discuss the treatment of the Ulster Volunteers

A

Carson and Craig

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31
Q

Carson and Craig offered to provide Kitchener ?

A

at least one division of trained men from the UVF

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32
Q

What did Carson and Craig successfully insist to Kitchener about the treatment of the Ulster Volunteers

A

that the men be kept together as a fighting unit
title “Ulster” added to the divisions official name

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33
Q

Which division were Ulster Volunteers put in

A

36th Ulster Division

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34
Q

What did Redmond initially ask of Kitchener regarding the treatment of Irish Volunteers

A

that they only be deployed in Ireland

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35
Q

Why did Redmond change his mind about letting Irish volunteers fight “wherever the firing line extends”

A

keen to match Carson and gratitude HR

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36
Q

What did Redmond failingly request of Kitchener in regards to the treatment of Irish Volunteers

A

A distinct Irish division with emblems, badges and officers

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37
Q

what division did Irish Volunteers identify most strongly with

A

16th (Irish) division

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38
Q

By 1 Nov 1914, how many National Volunteers had enlisted

A

16 500

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39
Q

by what date had 16 500 national volunteers enlisted

A

1 Nov 1914

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40
Q

What % IVF were the enlisted National volunteers

A

90%

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41
Q

Historian Geoghegan says that National Volunteers were sent to places where ?

A

their loyalty would be tested

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42
Q

Where did Redmond enjoy overwhelming support

A

rural Ireland

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43
Q

In Dublin, how many out of how many Nat volunteers supported MacNeill

A

2000 out of 6700

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44
Q

When was there an IRB supreme council meeting which agreed to use Br’s distraction WW1 to stage a rebellion

A

August 1914

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45
Q

Who was the chief of staff of the IVF

A

Eoin MacNeill

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46
Q

What 2 groups did MacNeill’s Irish Volunteers separate into

A

Constitutional Separatists
IRB

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47
Q

Who led the Constitutional separatists

A

Eoin MAcNEill

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48
Q

Were the Constitutional separatists violent

A

no

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49
Q

What was the aim of the constitutional separatists

A

maintain a readiness to insist on the implementation of HR after the war

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50
Q

Up to Aug 1915, how many men enlisted in the National Volunteers

A

25 000

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51
Q

Which historian said that the IPP were “left in limbo” after the govt decision to put HR on the statute books

A

Rees

52
Q

many IPP MPs were aging figures who had earned their stripes during the ?

A

agrarian struggle

53
Q

the IPP’s resolution of the land prob had weakened the bond between the party and the ?

A

old tenant farming class

54
Q

What was the UIL

A

United Irish League, the IPP’s political machine

55
Q

How many by-elections did the IPP win in between outbreak WW1 and ER

A

8

56
Q

When was the Easter Rising

A

24 April 1916

57
Q

For constitutional separatists, HR was the first step to ?

A

complete independence from Britain

58
Q

How did Eoin MAcNeill describe HR being put on the statute book

A

a “cheque continually post-dated”

59
Q

When did Asquith form his wartime coalition govt

A

May 1915

60
Q

Why did Redmond refuse the cabinet position offered to him by Asquith

A

IPP tradition of Independent Parliamentary action

61
Q

Redmond ultimately apologised for his decision to refuse a cabinet position, saying what

A

“more sorry than words can express”

62
Q

Asquith’s decision to give which 2 people positions in the coalition govt served as a serious setback to Redmond

A

Carson and Bonar Law

63
Q

The IRB insisted that Redmond’s support for the war did what

A

‘diluted’ his nationalism

64
Q

What public fear was reinforced by huge casualties on the Western front

A

public fear of conscription

65
Q

war curtailed emigration, with what effect

A

emigration had previously served as a safety valve by removing the most dissatisfied elements from Irish society. These men were now drawn to more radical groups such as the IRB

66
Q

How does historian Mansreagh criticise Redmond and IPP leadership

A

says that they made no preparation for the transfer of devolved powered and failed to demand the implementation of HR

67
Q

Carson’s undermining of Redmond and the IPP had what effect on Nationalists

A

gave a boost to radical Nationalism

68
Q

What does Laffan say about Carson

A

That Carson “reignited the fenian flame”

69
Q

Carson’s actions in forming the UVF, obtaining 25 000 rifles from G and making preparations w the uVF too lead a rebellion against Asquith’s govt, led MacNeill to do what

A

form the IVF

70
Q

What did MacNeill’s formation of the IVF implicitly criticise

A

Redmond’s constitutional nationalism

71
Q

When did MacNeill form the IVF

A

November 1913

72
Q

What was MacNeill rejecting in his article “What the North Began”

A

Redmond’s constitutional nationalism

73
Q

What article did MacNeill write

A

“What the North Began”

74
Q

When did MacNeill publish his article “What the North Began”

A

1 Nov 1913

75
Q

What did Rees say Carsonism had done

A

“convert a significant number of Home Rulers into radical Nationalists, whilst simultaneously breathing life into the IRB organisation”

76
Q

With what statement did Pearse encapsulate the thinking behind Carsonism

A

“The only thing more ridiculous than an Orangemen with a gun is a nationalist without one”

77
Q

Who brought the gun back into Irish politics

A

Carson

78
Q

Define New Nationalism

A

the romantic vision of a free and Gaelic-speaking Ireland

79
Q

What kind of men did the Gaelic League attract

A

young men who felt politically excluded from the IPP

80
Q

From which group did the Irish revolutionary elite emerge

A

Gaelic League

81
Q

Pearse in his article “the Coming Revolution: made reference to the vital role of the G-L by saying what

A

men had an “ulterior motive in joining the Gaelic League”

82
Q

Which 2 IRB revolutionaries exerted pressure on the Gaelic League to be more political

A

Tom Clarke
Sean MacDiarmada

83
Q

In 1915, Douglas Hyde resigned his

A

Presidency of the Gaelic League

84
Q

When was the constitution of the G-L changed to devote itself to a “free Gaelic speaking Ireland”

A

summer 1915

85
Q

How many ER signatories had a NN background

A

4 out of 7

86
Q

What does Lyons say about NN

A

it created an “atmosphere” for the rising to take place

87
Q

the IRB were a marginalised and weak organisation until what

A

the formation of the IVF Nov 1913

88
Q

What did historian Foy say about Tom Clarke

A

Clarke was the true leader of the Rising

89
Q

Clarke supported northern militants such as which 3 people

A

Hobson
MacDiarmada
McCullough

90
Q

Which ER signatory typified the indomitable fenian spirit

A

Tom Clarke

91
Q

How many IVF committee members were IRB

A

12 out of 30

92
Q

why did Clarke stop talking to Hobson

A

Hobson had accepted Redmond’s leadership of the IVF in June 1914

93
Q

What role did Clarke have in the IVF

A

the treasurer

94
Q

What role did MacDiarmada have in the IVF

A

the secretary

95
Q

What role did Pearse have in the IVF

A

Director of Military Organisation

96
Q

what role did MacDonagh have in the IVF

A

Director of training

97
Q

What role did Plunkett have in the IVF

A

Director of Military Operations

98
Q

MacNeill, ? and ? underestimated the IRB

A

Hobson and the O’Rahillys

99
Q

The IRB executive consisted of which 3 people

A

Clarke
MacDiarmada
McCullough

100
Q

What did Clarke and MacDiarmada decide despite typical IRB beliefs

A

they would plan a successful rising without popular support

101
Q

Foster described the signatories of ER as a

A

“minority within a minority”

102
Q

When was the IRB Military Committee appointed

A

May 1915

103
Q

Which 3 people did the IRB Military Committee consist of

A

Pearse
Plunkett
Ceannt

104
Q

Obsessively secret, the Military committee liaised with which 2 people

A

Clarke
MacDiarmada

105
Q

What was the purpose of the IRB’s military committee

A

to make detailed plans for a Rising

106
Q

In Sep 1915, the Military council was formed. Which 5 people did it consist of

A

Clarke
MacDiarmada
Pearse
Plunkett
Ceannt

107
Q

When was McCullough added to the Military Council

A

2 weeks before the Rising

108
Q

The IRB Military group represented the fusion of ? with ?

A

the traditional physical force republicans with the younger romantic revolutionaries, inspired by G-L

109
Q

What 2 consequences arose from there being no reference to the Supreme Council of the IRB in the decision making of the Rising

A
  • no informers
  • ultimate confusion w/in the IRB
110
Q

Which three groups did the IRB infilitrate

A

Irish Volunteers
GAA
G-L

111
Q

Where did the IRB import guns from

A

Germany

112
Q

The IRB made contact w republicans who lived where

A

America

113
Q

Which 3 heroes which were synonymous w martyrdom in the cause of Ireland did Patrick Pearse borderline worship

A

Cuchulainn
Tone
Emmett

114
Q

Patrick Pearse saw Ireland’s struggle for redemption in terms of

A

Christ’s sacrifice at Calvary

115
Q

Why was ER done on Easter Sunday

A

Pearse and other signatories ER were imbued w Catholic mysticism

116
Q

At whose funeral and what year did Patrick Pearse make his “the fools, the fools, the fools, they have left us our fenian dead” speech

A

American O’Donovan Rossa’s 1915

117
Q

Who was the chief strategist of the ER

A

Plunkett

118
Q

Which ER signatory went to Germany to try and convince them to invade Ireland

A

Plunkett

119
Q

Which ER signatory was the most intellectually gifted of the writer revolutionaries

A

MacDonagh

120
Q

Which ER signatory was known as an hibernicised Marxist

A

James Connolly

121
Q

What was James Connolly’s objective for ER

A

a socialist republic

122
Q

James Connolly threw himself into what campaign

A

anti-recruiting campaign for the capitalist war

123
Q

Connolly had planned a rising himself using what group as manpower

A

200 strong ICA (Irish Citizen Army)

124
Q

When did Connolly have a series of secret meetings with the IRB Military Council

A

19-22 Jan 1916

125
Q

How did Connolly influence Patrick Pearse

A

Pearse included references to social and economic goals in the ER proclamation

126
Q

When was the ‘Aud Ship’ which was bringing weapons from G for ER captured

A

20 April 1916

127
Q

What historian says that “once the German rifles had been captured there was no military justification for proceeding with the rising, and the theme of blood sacrifice became all the more important”

A

Lyons

History A2 Ireland (9 decks)

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