The Cold war: Cuba

Question 1

in 1959 who became leader of Cuba

Answer 1

Fidel Castro

Question 2

why Fidel Castro?

Answer 2

he was a nationalist and recognised how America used Cuba and proved to unify and free Cuba from American supremacy
he took back all Cuban land, including the land America took

Question 3

What did Eisenhower respond to, with castro’s leadership

Answer 3

he ban sugar exports from Cuba to USA

Question 4

Who did Castro turn to help after the sugar ban

Answer 4

USSR (Khrushchev) who agreed to:
- buy their sugar
- send econ aid to Cuba
- send arms to Cuba

Question 5

what did Eisenhower do after castro turned to khrushchev for help

Answer 5

• he ban all Cuban-US trade
• broke off diplomatic relations

Question 6

What president came after Eisenhower in 1961

Answer 6

JFK ( John F. Kennedy )

Question 7

What did Kennedy do to Cuba

Answer 7

approved CIA plan for The Bay of Pigs invasion

Question 8

what day did the bay of pigs invasion happen

Answer 8

17 April 1961

Question 9

How many cuban exiles fought in the bay of pigs

Answer 9

1400

Question 10

why did the bay of pigs invasion fail

Answer 10

• cuban exiles had little military experience
• USA wanted to be snarky so they did not use US arms
• Castro was aware of the invasion plan and set up 20000 men at the bay
• The Cuban residents were happy w Castro and so were against the exiles

Question 11

What was the consequences of the bay of pigs fail

Answer 11

• JFK’s humiliation
• improved image of communism
• strong soviet-cuban relations

Question 12

the Cuban missile crisis

Answer 12

14th oct - US U-2 plane capture image of USSR missiles going Cuba

22nd oct - Kennedy and ex-comm decide to naval blockade Cuba
(he prepared 54 bombers w nuclear warheads in case of war)

24th oct - soviet ships reach blockade but turn back around preventing war

25th oct - UN standoff between US and USSR representatives, over photographic evidence of missile sites in Cuba

26th oct - Khrushchev sends letter offering to remove missiles from Cuba under condition, Kennedy does not invade Cuba

27th oct- on board USSR submarine 1/3 votes vetoes nuclear war
-letter from Khrushchev demands the removal of U.S. missiles from Turkey as well as the non-invasion pledge.

28th oct- crisis ends as nuclear weapons removed from Cuba

Question 13

consequences of the Cuban missile crisis

Answer 13

• reduced tensions
• kennedy strengthened
• khrushchev weakened

Question 14

y did kennedy look strong after the cuban missile crisis

Answer 14

• public unaware of missiles removed from Turkey
• Kennedy did not give in to missiles

Question 15

y did Khrushchev look weak after

Answer 15

-the Soviet army felt they were humiliated as they had to withdraw

Question 16

What happened after the Cuban situation to de-escalate the situation, reducing chances of nuclear war

Answer 16

1963 - ‘hot line’ set up for direct communication between Moscow and Washington
1963 - Test Ban Treaty signed to ban testing of nuclear weapons n Space, the atmosphere or underwater
1967 - Outer Space Treaty were they agreed not to use space for military use
1968 - Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty agreed to stop sharing and spreading nuclear weapons to other countries