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The Cold War Flashcards

1
Q

Proxy Wars

A

Little wars in 3rd world countries that the major countries supported/funded but didn’t actively fight in

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2
Q

1st/2nd/3rd World Countries

A

1st: Capitalists
2nd: Communists
3rd: Swing countries (mostly where the proxy wars were fought)

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3
Q

Containment Policy

A

US’s policy to try to contain Communism behind the Iron Curtain

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4
Q

George Kennan’s Telegram

A

A US Embassy member in Russia who warned the US that Russia wanted to make everyone communist

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5
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

US will help any countries being threatened by communism

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6
Q

Domino Theory

A

If a country becomes communist, then the countries surrouding it will also be come communist

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7
Q

NSC - 68

A

In charge of keeping the US safe, blueprint for nuke program and increased military

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8
Q

Marshall Plan

A

Economic plan to rebuild European countries so they don’t think communism is a good idea

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9
Q

National Security Act

A

Consolidate all army/navy/air force into one building

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10
Q

NATO

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization formed by Western capitalist countries to fight Russia

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11
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

Leader of Russia, super extreme

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12
Q

Sattelite States

A

Governments that operated under Russian Policies

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13
Q

COMECON

A

Russia wanted to elimate need to trade outside of communist “bubble”

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14
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

Soviet version of NATO

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15
Q

Nikita Khruschev

A

Leader of Russia after Stalin died

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16
Q

Harry Truman

A

President of US who focused on containment and aiding foreign countries

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16
Q

De-Stalinization

A

Khruschev’s plan to take away Stalin’s more extreme policies
- Allow dissent
- Release prisoners imprisoned unneccisarily
- Less harsh approach in general

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17
Q

Czech Coup (1948)

A

Communists took over the Czech Republic, wake up call for the US

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18
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

Russia blocked off West Berlin from the US to try to force them out, but US flew in supplies until Russia gave up

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19
Q

Second Red Scare

A

People afraid of communism coming to the US, being nuked, or being spied on

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19
Q

Hydrogen Bomb

A

Way more powerful than the atomic bomb

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20
Q

FBI & J. Edgar Hoover

A

FBI director, became very powerful
Would spy illegally, blackmail, ignore people’s civil liberties

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21
Q

McCarran Internal Security Act (1950)

A

Prevented communists from being in the US gov’t

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22
Q

Dennis v. US (1951)

A

Dennis (a communist) sued US for infringing on 4th Amendment (freedom of political thought) and 1st Amendment
Ruled not a violation - communists were clear and present danger

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23
House Of Representatives, the Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
A section in the House that would interrogate anyone thought to be communist
24
Hollywood 10/Blacklist
- HUAC went after movie directors/writers because of the widespread influence they had - 10 directors refused to answer and went to jail - Slowed momentum of HUAc
25
Alger Hiss
- FDR's loved advisor called before HUAC - Lies in court but they don't know that - Arrest him anyway - Later it's found out that he was actually a spy
26
Julius & Ethel Rosenberg
- Gets accused and goes to HUAC - Says he's communist but not with Russia - Gov't enters his house illegally and finds out he's with Russia but Ethel is innocent - Execute them both because they can't say what they did
27
Lavender Scare
Gay-phobia - people thought they could be blackmailed easier Lost their jobs and everything
27
Joseph McCarthy/McCarthyism
Heightens fear and accuses many people, haters stay quiet bc of mass hysteria
28
Dwight D. Eisenhower
President after Truman, policy included Massive Retaliation and Covert Action
29
John Foster Dulles
Secretary of State, in charge of foreign policy
30
Allen Dulles
CIA director (gov't relied heavily on CIA)
31
Massive Retaliation
US's policy that they will respond massively to any threat
32
Covert Action
Using CIA to secretly act in other countries - Iran: fund a coup for Iranians - Guatemala: fund a coup for Guatemalians
33
Arms Race
Trying to get more nukes to be more powerful
34
Mutually Assured Destruction
If one side uses nukes, the other side will too and the world will be destroyed
35
Bert the Turtle/Duck & Cover Drills
Drills to protect youself in case nukes are ever launched
36
Sputnik 1
Russian sattelite, first thing to ever go to space
37
NASA
Response to Sputnik 1
38
Geneva Summit (1955)
US, Britain, France, Russia meet and talk - acknowledge problems and mistrust - talk about nukes, border countries, Berlin - doesn't really work out
39
Hungarian Revolution
Sattelite of state of Russia that wanted to become capitalist and overthrow the leader Russia mass slaughtered them, US didn't intervene (behind the Iron Curtain)
40
Suez Crisis (1956)
Egypt wanted to own the Suez Canal but France, Brit, Israel didn't want this to happen and fought US tells Brit and France to get out, not worth it
41
Eisenhower Doctrine (1957)
US will provide aid to Middle Eastern countries falling to communism Builds off the Truman Doctrine
42
Cuban Revolution
Cuba overthrew Batista (who let US control Cuba) and put in Castro (communist) (he led the revolution) US was mad and tried to kill him but they always failed
43
Fulgencio Batista
Leader of Cuba before revolution
44
Fidel Castro
Revolutionary, leader of Cuba after revolution
45
Che Guavara
Guy Castro found in Mexico during exile and helped him overthrow Batista
46
Moncada Barracks Attack
Castro's first attack on the gov't, sparked a revolution
47
26th of July Movement
Movement to overthrow Batista inspired by the Moncada Barracks Attack
48
Berlin Incident (1958)
Russia tries to get the US out of Berlin but they bring in military reinforcements, Russia backs down
49
Richard Nixon
Eisenhower's vice president
50
Kitchen Debate
Nixon and Khruschev got into it at an American museum of a home, inside the kitchen display Debated communism and capitalism
51
U-2 Incident
A U-2 plane got shot down over Russia, so they realized we were spying on them Supposed to commit suicide if you get shot Prisoner exchange to get him back
52
Military Industrial Complex
Eisenhower's final message US is putting so much money into the govenrment that eventually it will become a core part of the country and won't be undoable
53
John F. Kennedy
President after Eisenhower, a visionary always aiming for more Expand Arms Race and Space Exploration, implement Flexible Response
54
Flexible Response
Only nuke if we have to, try to use diplomacy first Use guerilla warriors to counter rebellion in other countries secretly Replaced Massive Retaliation
55
Green Berets
Group of guerilla warriors meant to counter rebellion in other countries secretly
56
Moonshot Speech
Speech where JFK says we will go to the moon!
57
Bay of Pigs
Plan started during Eisenhower's time, JFK forced into it Use escaped Cubans to go back into Cuba and instigate a revolution, thought other Cubans would rise up and join them They didn't, and it was a massive fail and a bad look for JFK
58
Operation Mongoose
US kept planning to kill Castro
59
Vienna Summit
Khruschev and JFK talk, JFK gets destroyed by Khruschev in debates
60
Berlin Crisis/Berlin Wall
Russia tells US to leave Berlin but US doesn't Intellectuals start leaving East Berlin to go to West Berlin Russia builds a wall to keep them in, under the premise of keeping the West Berliners out They're not fooling anybody
61
Cuban Missle Crisis
Russia puts nukes in Cuba, US sends spy planes and finds out Almost invade Cuba or air strike them, but won't be able to get all the nukes so it's not worth risking (this would def start nuclear war) Black Saturday: A U-2 plane gets shot down over Cuba and a Russian sub mistakes a command and almost nukes the US JFK decides to do diplomacy and talk it out with Khruschev (sends his brother) Russia will take nukes out of Cuba if US will take nukes out of Turkey and stop trying to invade Cuba Castro is mad bc he wanted to kill JFK (hates him)
62
"Strategy for Peace" Speech
JFK's speech about how we need to stop fighting with Russia so the world won't get destroyed
63
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
US and Russia agree to only test nukes underground Less damage and danger, limits nuke-inventing because it's harder to test them

history 11 (8 decks)

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