The Chemical Level Flashcards
What is chemistry?
The study of structure and interaction of matter
What is biochemistry?
the chemistry of living organism’s and life processes
What is biochemistry also known as
biologic chemistry or physiologic chemistry
What is matter
anything that occupies space and has mass
What is mass?
Any amount of matter in any object
Matter on Earth exists in what forms?
solid, liquid, gas
All forms of matter are made up of what?
chemical elements
True or False: each chemical element can be split into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
False: each chemical element can’t be split into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
How many naturally occurring elements exist?
92
How many man-made elements exist?
25
How are elements designated?
chemical symbols
How many naturally occurring elements is the body made up of?
25
How many naturally occurring elements constitute 95% of bodys mass? What are they?
4, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
How much of the bodys mass does carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen make up?
95%
What/how many elements contribute to 3.6% of bodys mass?
8:calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, magnesium, iron
How much of bodies mass does Ca, P, K, S, Na, Cl, Mg and Fe make up?
3.6%
How many elements account for 0.4 % of bodys mass? What are they and what are they called?
14 race elements: aluminum, boron, chromium, cobalt, copper, flourine, iodine, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, silicon, tin, vanadium, zinc
What is an atom?
smallest units of matter that retain the properties and characteristics of an element
What is a nucleus?
dense central core with two subatomic particles
What are the subatomic particles contained in the nucleus of an atom?
protons and neutrons
What are protons?
carry a positive electrical charge
What are neutrons?
carry no charge
What are electrons?
carry a negative electrical charge
Where are electons contained in an atom?
in electron shells found around the nucleus