The Central Dogma Flashcards
A protein’s THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPE is called its?
Conformation
It synthesizes an RNA molecule that is COMPLEMENTARY TO ONE STRAND of the DNA double helix for a particular gene.
Transcription
It uses RNA information and makes proteins by ALIGNING and JOINING specified amino acids.
Translation
A strand of the DOUBLE HELIX is used to make complementary bases for an RNA SEQUENCE.
Template Strand
An enzyme that BUILDS an RNA MOLECULE.
RNA Polymerase
NONTEMPLATE STRAND of the DNA DOUBLE HELIX.
Coding Strand
It CARRIES THE INFORMATION that specifies a particular protein that ENCODES amino acid sequence.
mRNA
Associates with proteins to form ribosomes, which structurally support and CATALYZE PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.
rRNA
It BINDS an mRNA CODON at ONE END and a SPECIFIC AMINO ACID at the other.
tRNA
It is COMPLEMENTARY TO an mRNA codon.
Anticodon
The ENZYMES UNWIND the DNA double helix locally, and free RNA nucleotides bond with EXPOSED COMPLEMENTARY BASED on the DNA TEMPLATE STRAND.
Transcription Elongation
A TERMINATOR SEQUENCE indicates where the gene’s RNA-encoding region ends.
Transcription Termination
The transcription factors to BIND TATA and RNA polymerase are attracted to a promoter, which is a SPECIAL SEQUENCE that signals the start of the gene.
Transcription Initiation
It is a part of mRNA rgar that is removed.
Introns
It is a part of mRNA THAT SPLICE TOGETHER, which are then translated into amino acid sequences or protein.
Exons
It ENCODES the SAME AMINO ACID.
Synonymous Codons
It ENCONDES DIFFERENT AMINO ACID.
Nonsynonymous Codons
First Codon?
AUG
Stop Codon?
UAA, UAG and UGA
It bears the GROWING AMINO ACID CHAIN.
Peptide Site (P)
It holds the NEXT AMINO ACIDS to be added.
Acceptor Site (A)
The POLYPEPTIDE’S AMINO ACID sequence.
Primary (1°) Structure
It forms as amino acids CLOSE IN THE PRIMARY STRUCTURE attract; may form loops, coils, barrels, helices, or sheets.
Secondary (2°) structure
It appears as MORE WIDELY SEPARATED AMINO ACIDS attract or repel in response to water molecules.
Tertiary (3°) structure
It forms when a protein consists of MORE THAN ONE POLYPEPTIDE.
Quaternary (4°) structure
It is a TUNNEL-LIKE multiprotein a structure where a protein with more than one tag is sent.
Proteasome
