the cell the cytoplasm and nucleus

Question 1

nucleolus

Answer 1

blueprints, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is made here and used for ribosomes→ transcription

Question 2

Lysosomes

Answer 2

→ recycling, degradaton/digestion

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

→ translation, make protein, free floating in the cytoplasm

Question 4

Peroxisomes

Answer 4

→ fatty acid, metabolism, deformation

Question 5

Rough ER

Answer 5

→ ribsomes, making things

Question 6

Smooth ER

Answer 6

→ involved in lipid metabolism, detoxification

Question 7

4 functions of the plasma membrane

Answer 7

1. physical barrier
2. selective permeability
3. electrochemical gradients
4. communication

Question 8

three types of transport across membranes

Answer 8

1. simple diffusion
2. channel
3. carrier/transporter

Question 9

simple diffusion

Answer 9

Depending on the nature of the molecule→ small or uncharged- lipophilic (defuse across the membrane)

Question 10

Channel

Answer 10

large / charged → harder must faciliate transport, Facilitate diffusion, CFTR Cl- channel

Question 11

4 functions of the ER

Answer 11

1. synthesis
2. transport
3. storage
4. detoxification

Question 12

rough er

Answer 12

synthesizes proteins for secretion

Question 13

smooth er

Answer 13

lipid synthesis

Question 14

cell morphology –> 4 types

Answer 14

a. erythroblast
b.eosinophilic leukocyte
c. plasma cell
d. pancreatic acinar cell

Question 15

erythroblast

Answer 15

cells that make few or no proteins for secretion
- few mito, a golgi, ribosomes and a nucleus

Question 16

eosinophilic leukocyte

Answer 16

cells that synthesize, segregate, and store various proteins in specific secretory granules
-anti parasitic function

Question 17

plasma cell

Answer 17

cell that makes antibodies→ active cells, proteins that get secreted
Extensive Rough ER, lots of golgi, mitochondria, don’t see storage vesicles (making cells for immediate use/ products going straight out of the cell)

Question 18

pancreatic acinar cell

Answer 18

epithelial cells specialized for secretion have distinct polarity

Question 19

glycogen

Answer 19

storage of glucose in the cell

Question 20

sequester

Answer 20

storage

Question 21

devoid of ribosomes

Answer 21

making phospholipids (ER)

Question 22

steroid hormone synthesis

Answer 22

endocrine gland

Question 23

golgi apparatus

Answer 23

packaging, sorting and modification

Question 24

what does not stain well with H+ E? why

Answer 24

golgi because of glycosylation

Question 25

peroxisome

Answer 25

small, spherical membranous organelle involved in fatty acid metabolism & xenobiotic detoxification

Question 26

functions of the nucleus (2)

Answer 26

1. cellular regulation
2. production –> ribosomal subunits

Question 27

heterochromatin

Answer 27

condensed DNA
no transcription
cell inactive

Question 28

euchromatin

Answer 28

lighter electron lucent
transcription
active cells

Question 29

nucleolus

Answer 29

rRNA transcribed
size + number –> active cell

Question 30

fibrillar centers

Answer 30

templates for ribosomal rna to be produced

Question 31

dark fibrillar material

Answer 31

where ribosomal RNA is accumulated

Question 32

prophase

Answer 32

nuclear material condense into chromosomes, nuclear envelope forming and chromosomes condensing

Question 33

proto-oncogenes

Answer 33

genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation

Question 34

4 nuclie components

Answer 34

NPC, nuclear envelope, nucleolus and chromatin