The Cell Surface Flashcards
Why are proteins and lipids on cell surface attached to sugars
To protect, lubricate and recognise cells
What does amphipathic mean
Both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
What determines the fluidity of membrane
Fatty acid chains
What does cholesterol do
Add rigidity in membrane. This makes membrane less permeable
What is a transmembrane protein
Protein that goes from one side of membrane to another
What determines transport across membranes
Electrochemical gradient = charges and concentration
What are the 3 main ways of Active Transport
Coupled Transporters - couple transport of one solute with gradient to one against the gradient
ATP Driven Pump - Couple transport of 1 solute against its gradient to hydrolysis of ATP
Light driven pumps - Coupe transport of 1 solute against its gradient to light input
Explain symport
Binding of one molecule dependent on binding of another
Cooperative binding
Explain antiporter
One molecule go one way and another the other way
What are intracellular signal transduction liquid
Rapidly generated by enzyme in response to specific signal
Bind to conserved regions in protein to induce conformational change
How does Active Transport work
ATP hydrolysis = phosphorylases catalytic sub unit so conformational change. Allow solute to travel
K+ hen bind to other side and causes dephosphorylation via ATPase
Conformational change to normal
What is one function of Active transport
Maintain Na+ electrochemical gradient
