The Cell Practice Questions Flashcards
Which one of the below types of microscopies enhances contrast by exploiting
the light-scattering properties of specimens?
a) Fluorescence microscopy
b) Electron microscopy
c) Differential Interference Contrast (DIC)
d) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
Differential Interference Contrast (DIC)
In fluorescence microscopy, what causes a specimen to emit light?
a) Absorption of low-energy photons and release of higher-energy photons
b) Reflection of high-energy photons
c) Excitation of electrons by a photon and subsequent release of a lower-energy photon
d) Scattering of light
Excitation of electrons by a photon and subsequent release of a lower-energy
photon
Which of the following is an advantage of fluorescence microscopy over
traditional light microscopy?
a) It can visualize living specimens.
b) It produces higher resolution images.
c) It allows for the specific visualization of structures of interest.
d) It requires no staining of specimens
c) It allows for the specific visualization of structures of interest.
What is a key difference between Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)?
a) TEM provides 3D images, while SEM provides 2D images.
b) SEM uses thin sections, while TEM visualizes surface structures.
c) SEM does not require specimen sectioning, while TEM requires thin sections.
d) TEM uses bigger electrons than SEM.
Answer: c) SEM does not require specimen sectioning, while TEM requires thin sections.
Which one of the following is not a requirement for electron microscopy?
a) Specimens must be coated with heavy metals.
b) Specimens must be dead or fixed.
c) Specimens must emit fluorescence.
d) Specimens must be placed in a vacuum.
Answer: c) Specimens must emit fluorescence.
Which one of the following is not a difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?
a) Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells have one.
b) Prokaryotic cells have linear DNA, while eukaryotic cells have circular DNA.
c) Prokaryotic cells are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells.
d) Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.
Answer: b) Prokaryotic cells have linear DNA, while eukaryotic cells have circular DNA.
Which one of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Plasma membrane
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: c) Plasma membrane
What is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells?
a) 1-3 µm
b) 10-100 µm
c) 100-1000 µm
d) Less than 1 µm
Answer: a) 1-3 µm
What characteristic allows electron microscopes to achieve higher resolution
than light microscopes?
a) Electrons have shorter wavelengths than photons (light)
b) Electron microscopes can use living specimens.
c) Electron microscopes use fluorescent stains.
d) Electron microscopes have thicker objective lenses
Answer: a) Electron microscopes use shorter wavelengths
Which one of the following is a feature common to both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells?
a) Membrane-bound organelles
b) Nucleus
c) Ribosomes
d) Mitochondria
Answer: c) Ribosomes
Which one of the following is a distinguishing feature of prokaryotic cells?
a) They have a nucleus.
b) They have a single circular chromosome.
c) They contain mitochondria.
d) They have membrane-bound organelles.
Answer: b) They have a single circular chromosome.
What is the main role of ribosomes in the cell?
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis
c) DNA replication
d) Transporting molecules across the cell membrane
Answer: b) Protein synthesis
Which structure is responsible for controlling the passage of substances into and
out of the nucleus?
a) Endoplasmic reticulum
b) Plasma membrane
c) Nuclear pore complex
d) Golgi apparatus
Answer: c) Nuclear pore complex
What technique is commonly used to separate cellular components by size and
density?
a) Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) tagging
b) Microscopy
c) Differential centrifugation
d) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Answer: c) Differential centrifugation
Which one of the following is not a component of the endomembrane system?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Rough ER
c) Mitochondria
d) Lysosomes
Answer: c) Mitochondria
