The Cell Membrane - Proteins Flashcards
Name 5 types of proteins?
Transport. Receptor. Enzyme. Structural. Recognition.
What are transport proteins?
Transport small molecules across the membrane take place through integral proteins.
This transport includes facilitated diffusion and active transport.
What are receptor proteins?
Must be on the outside surface of cell membranes and have a specific binding site where hormones or other chemicals can bind to from a hormone-receptor complex.
This binding triggers other events in the cell membrane or inside the cell.
What are enzyme proteins?
Catalyse reactions in the cytoplasm or outside the cell, such as maltase in the small intestine.
What is a structural protein?
Found on inside surface of the cell membranes.
Attached to cytoskeleton.
Involved in maintaining cell’s shape or changing cell’s shape for cell motility.
Ones found on outside surface can be used for cell adhesion -sticking cells together temp or permanent.
What is a recognition protein?
Some proteins involved in cell recognition.
These are often glycoprotein such as the A and B antigens on red blood cell membranes.
Where are carbohydrates found?
On the outer surface of all eukaryotic cell membranes and are attached to membrane proteins or sometimes to the phospholipids.
What are proteins with carbohydrates attached to them called?
Glycoprotein.
Phospholipids with carbohydrates attached are called?
Glycolipids.
