1. Eukaryotic Cells and Organelles

Question 1

What have all organisms got in common?

Answer 1

They are made up of cells, which have the same basic features in common.
This suggests all living things evolved from the same common ancestor/

Question 2

Name the 2 main types of organisms?

Answer 2

Eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
Prokaryotic organisms are prokaryotic cells - single celled.
Eukaryotic organisms are made up of eukaryotic cells.
Both types of cells contain organelles.

Question 3

Difference between 2 cells?

Answer 3

Eukaryotic cells are more complex.

Prokarytic cells smaller and simpler.

Question 4

What is an organelle?

Answer 4

Parts of cells.
Each one has a specific function.
Examine through electron microscope you can see organelles and their internal structure.

Question 5

Examples of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 5

Animal.
Plant.
Agal.
Fungal.

Question 6

Name the 11 organelles in a animal eukaryotic cell?

Answer 6

Cell surface mambrane.
RER.
SER.
Nucleolus.
Nucleus.
Lysosome.
Ribosome.
Nuclear envelope.
Golgi apparatus.
Cytoplasm.
Mitochondria.

Question 7

Name the 14 organelles in a plant eukaryotic cell?

Answer 7

Cell surface membrane.
Chloroplast.
RER.
SER.
Plasmodesmata.
Mitochondria.
Golgi apparatus.
Vacuole.
Cytoplasm.
Nucleus.
Nucleolus.
Nuclear envelope.
Ribosome.
Cell wall.

Question 8

Name the extra organelles plant cells have.

Answer 8

Cellulose cell wall with plasmodesmata - channel for exchanging substances.
Vacuole - fluid filled compartment.
Chloroplasts - involved in photosynthesis.

Question 9

What else may you find in a plant cell?

Answer 9

Starch grains.

They store excess sugars in plants.

Question 10

Name the 13 organelles found in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 10

Mitochondria.
SER.
RER.
Golgi apparatus.
Cytoplasm.
Nucleolus.
Nucleus.
Nucleus envelope.
Ribosome.
Cell wall.
Vacuole.
Cell-surface membrane.

Question 11

What do algae cells do?

Answer 11

Photosynthesis like plants.

Unlike plants they can be unicellular or mulitcellular.

Question 12

How are algal cells like plant cells?

Answer 12

They have same organelles including cellulose cell wall and chloroplasts.
However, chloroplasts in agal cells are different shaped and sized.

Question 13

What are the 12 organelles found in eukaryotic fungal cells?

Answer 13

Ribosome.
Cell-surface membrane.
RER.
SER.
Nucleolus.
Nucleus.
Mitochondria.
Golgi apparatus.
Cytoplasm.
Chitin cell wall.
Nuclear envelope.
Vacuole.

Question 14

How are plant cells different to agal cells?

Answer 14

Agal cell walls are made out of chitin, not cellulose.

They don’t have chloroplasts - don’t photosynethesis.