The Cell Flashcards

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1
Q

Unicellular

A

An organism that consists of only one cell

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2
Q

Multicellular

A

An organism that consists of more than 1 cell

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3
Q

Robert Hooke

A

Looked at cork cells under the microscope, first to look at cells

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4
Q

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

A

First to study living organisms in a drop of water (living cells)

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5
Q

Matthias schleiden

A

Concluded that all plants are made up of cells

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6
Q

Theodore Schwann

A

Concluded that all animals are made up of cells

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7
Q

Rudolph Virchow

A

Studied cell reproduction and stated that cells can only come from pre-existing cells

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8
Q

Cell theory

A

1) all living things are made up of cells
2) the cell is the basic unit of structure and function in all living things 3) new cells are produced from existing cells

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9
Q

Nucleus

A

Control center of the cell, contains the cells nucleus

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10
Q

Organelle

A

Components of the cell that carry out its life processes

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11
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Cells that have a cell membrane and cytoplasm and also have a nucleus and organelles

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12
Q

Prokaryotes

A

Cells that have a cell membrane and cytoplasm but do not have a nucleus or organelles

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13
Q

Cell membrane

A

Controls what enters and leaves a cell

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14
Q

Why do cells stay small

A

If a cell grows too large, there is not enough surface area (cell membrane) to let in enough nutrients and let out enough waste

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15
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Everything between the cell membrane and the nucleus

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16
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

Membrane that surrounds the nucleus and allows structures to enter and leave

17
Q

Chromosome

A

A thread like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic info in the form of genes. Long and thin

18
Q

Chromatin

A

The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed. Consists of proteins, rna, and dna. Short and coil

19
Q

Nucleolus

A

Produces the ribosomes

20
Q

Ribosomes

A

Put amino acids together to make proteins using instructions from dna

21
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum

A

Tunnels and sacs for proteins and other particles to move about the cell, lipids for cell membrane put together here. Rough and smooth er

22
Q

Golgi body

A

Modify and package proteins to be shipped where they are needed (add CHO and lipids)

23
Q

Mitochondria

A

Use food and oxygen to make atp through cellular respiration (so makes energy) contains small amount of dna

24
Q

Cellular respiration

A

O2 + CHO = Co2 + H2O + NRG (atp)

25
Q

Lysosomes

A

Break down food, bacteria, waste, and warm out cell parts

26
Q

Microtubules and microfilaments

A

Combine to form cytoskeleton

27
Q

Cilia

A

Hairlike organelles that line the surfaces of certain cells and beat in rhythmic waves

28
Q

Flagella

A

Whip like structure that allows a cell to move

29
Q

Cell wall

A

Provides support and protection for the cell, is outside of cell membrane

30
Q

Vacuoles

A

Store water, salts, protein, CHO, and pressure helps plant support itself

31
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Use light energy to make food through photosynthesis, contains small amount of dna

32
Q

Photosynthesis

A

CO2 + H2O + NRG(light) = O2 + CHO

33
Q

Atp

A

Adenosine triphosphate

34
Q

Amino acid

A

Building blocks of proteins

35
Q

Cell

A

Basic unit of life