Nucleic Acids

Question 1

Polymer

Answer 1

Molecule that is made up of repeating units (monomers)

Question 2

Monomer

Answer 2

Repeating units that make up polymers

Question 3

Nucleotide

Answer 3

The monomers that make up dna and rna. (Made of sugar group, phosphate group, and nitrogen base)

Question 4

Chromatin

Answer 4

Long and thin strands of DNA and histones

Question 5

Chromosome

Answer 5

Short and coiled strands of DNA and histones

Question 6

Gene

Answer 6

Short segment of DNA on a chromosome

Question 7

Sugar group

Answer 7

Ribose or deoxyribose

Question 8

Deoxyribose

Answer 8

DNA sugar group

Question 9

Ribose

Answer 9

Rna sugar group

Question 10

Phosphoric acid

Answer 10

Phosphate group in DNA and rna

Question 11

Nitrogen base

Answer 11

DNA: adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
Rna: adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine

Question 12

Adenine

Answer 12

Nitrogen base in DNA and RNA

Question 13

Guanine

Answer 13

Nitrogen base in DNA and RNA

Question 14

Cytosine

Answer 14

Nitrogen base in DNA and RNA

Question 15

Thymine

Answer 15

Nitrogen base only in DNA

Question 16

Uracil

Answer 16

Nitrogen base only in RNA

Question 17

RNA

Answer 17

Uses info from DNA to put together proteins

1 strand of nucleotides

Question 18

Hydrogen bond

Answer 18

The bond that holds the nitrogen base pairs together

Question 19

Double helix

Answer 19

Two strands of nucleotides twisted around a central axis

Question 20

Complementary base pair

Answer 20

Adenine goes with thymine (uracil in RNA)

Cytosine goes with guanine

Question 21

DNA replication

Answer 21

Making more DNA. It begins in mult locations at once and moves in two directions until strand is copied

Question 22

Cellular respiration

Answer 22

O2 + CHO = CO2 + NRG(atp) + H2O

Question 23

DNA helicase

Answer 23

Untwists and unzips the DNA strand for DNA replication

Question 24

DNA polymerase

Answer 24

Connects the newly matched nucleotides to each other to complete the new DNA strand, also proofreads the new DNA strands

Question 25

Genetic code

Answer 25

The order of nitrogen base pairs in DNA

Question 26

Transcription

Answer 26

The production of RNA using DNA as a pattern

Question 27

RNA polymerase

Answer 27

Untwists and unzips the DNA strand and connects the new RNA nucleotides to each other. Only enzyme involved in RNA transcription

Question 28

Translation

Answer 28

Decoding the info from messenger RNA to build proteins

Question 29

Messenger RNA

Answer 29

Leaves the nucleus and travels to the ribosomes to deliver the message to put the amino acids together in the right order

Question 30

Codon

Answer 30

Set of three nitrogen bases on messenger RNA strand that codes for an amino acid

Question 31

Transfer RNA

Answer 31

Transfers amino acids to the ribosome to be connected to the protein by a peptide bond

Question 32

Anticodon

Answer 32

Set of three nitrogen bases on transfer RNA that is complementary to the codon

Question 33

Ribosomal RNA

Answer 33

Globular RNA and proteins that makes up the bulk of the ribosome

Question 34

Amino acid

Answer 34

Monomer of a protein

Question 35

Peptide bond

Answer 35

The bond that holds the amino acids in the protein

Question 36

Polypeptide

Answer 36

A chain of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds

Question 37

Protein

Answer 37

Line of amino acids held together by peptide bonds. Made in ribosomes

Question 38

Photosynthesis

Answer 38

CO2 + H2O + NRG(light) = O2 + CHO

Question 39

Dna

Answer 39

Deoxyribonucleic acid, stores and transmits genetic info