The Cell Flashcards
Bacterial Teansformation
Integration of foreign genetic material into the host genome, usually this occurs when The contents of lysed cells is picked up by bacteria in that vicinity
Bacterial Conjugation
Bacterial form of sexual reproduction, the donor male + unidirectionally gives its genetic material. To have this transfer occur, a sec pili is necessary and is encoded by sex factors. The best studied sex factor is F factor in E. coli. HFR= high frequency of recombination
Transduction
Requires a vector, a virus (obligate intracellular pathogens)- aka bacteriophage
Transposons
Genetic elements capable of inserting and removing themselves from the genome
Phases of bacterial growth
Lag phase, exponential, stationary, and death
Are enveloped or non enveloped viruses easier to kill?
Enveloped, they are sensitive to heat, desiccation, detergents
Positive sense RNA Virus
Implies that the genome may be directly translated to functional proteins by ribosomes of the host cell, just like mRNA
Negative sense RNA viruses
Require synthesis of an RNA strand complimentary to the negative sense RNA STRAND to use as a template for protein synthesis . Negative sense RNA viruses carry RNA replicase in the virion
Retroviruses
Enveloped , SS RNA viruses that carry reverse transcriptase . Reverse transcriptase synthesizes DNA from SS RNA. Dna can be integrated into host genome
Productive cycle - virus
When virus allows host cell to survive and symbiotic
Extrusion
A process by which a virus leaves the cell by fusing with its plasma membrane
Three types of recombination in bacteria
Transformation, conjugation, transduction
