The Cell Flashcards

1
Q

Ultrasctructure

A

detail of structure as seen using electron microscope

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2
Q

Cell

A

smallest unit of matter that can carry all processes of life

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3
Q

Organelles

A

cell components that perform specific functions for cell

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4
Q

examples of organelles

A

cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, DNA, cell wall, vacuole

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5
Q

what is a Cell membrane made up of?

A

phospholipids and proteins.

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6
Q

Functions of cell membrane

A

i) controls what enters and leaves cell
ii) give support to cell

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7
Q

Function of nucleus

A

Controls cell’s activities

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8
Q

what is nucleus made up of? (+definitions)

A

i) double membrane with numerous nucleur pores
ii) nucleolus which contains RNA, DNA and proteins (makes ribosomes)
iii) chromatin which stores our genes

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9
Q

Function of mitochondria

A

supplies energy to cell

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10
Q

Formula of mitochondria

A

Food + oxygen = cO2 + water + energy

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11
Q

Function of ribosomes

A

make protiens

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12
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

i) clear jelly fluid in cell

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13
Q

Function of cytoplasm

A

Contains all organelles within cell

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14
Q

Function of chloroplast

A

photosynthesis

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15
Q

What is cell wall made up of?

A

cellulose fibre and polysaccharides

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16
Q

nucleur pores

A

Allow mRNA to move in and out of nucleus

17
Q

Function of cell wall

A

to give support and strengthen cell

18
Q

What is a vacuole?

A

membrane bound sac whithin cytoplasm

19
Q

Function of vacuole

A

provide structural support, storage, waste, protection and growth

20
Q

what has a larger vacuole; plant or animal cells?

21
Q

features of eukaryotic organisms (eg)

A

i) contain nucleus and other membrane bound organelles (eg mitochondria)
ii) large cells
iii) more advanced
iv) eg plants and animals

22
Q

features of prokaryotic organisms (eg)

A

i)cells never contain/lack nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
ii) have loop of DNA
iii) small cells
iv) not as advanced
v) eg bacteria

23
Q

4 plant tissues

A

i) dermal tissue
ii) vascular tissue
iii) ground tissue
iv) meristematic tissue

24
Q

dermal tissue

A

single layer of cells surrounding different parts of a plant epidermis (protection)

25
vascular tissue (eg)
transports materials around plant (xylem and phloem)
26
xylem
transports water and minerals around plant
27
phloem
transports food from leaves to other parts of plant
28
ground tissue
photosynthesis occurs here
29
meristematic tissue
found at growing regions of plants (eg root tips and shoot tips)
30
4 animal tissues
i) muscle tissue ii) nervous tissue iii) connective tissue iv) epithelial tissue
31
muscle tissue
can contract, move bones
32
nervous tissue
i) composed of nerve cells called neurons ii) carries electrical impulses to and from brain and spinal cord (CNS)
33
connective tissue
number of cells spread out in matrix (eg blood)
34
epithelial tissue
(eg lining of oesophagus)
35
tissue culture
growth of tissues in/on artificial medium outside an organism
36
in vitro
in glass
37
in vivo
in life