Energy and Energy Carriers Flashcards
What is the Active site?
part of enzyme that combines with substrate
feature of active site
not rigid shape
processes: mechanism of enzyme action
(induced fit model)
- substrate combines with active site of enzyme
- changes shape slightly for specific substrate
- enzyme substrate complex formed. substrate turns into products
- products leave active site. returns to original shape and ready for new substrate molecule
enzyme specificity
enzyme reacts with only one substrate
optimum condition
where it works best at
causes of denaturation
- high temperature- above 40’C
- when at unsuitable pH values
- when treated with certain chemicals/radiation
denaturation
loss of globular shape
(unable to form enzyme substrate complex)
special energy carriers
ATP, NADP+, NAD+
play vital role in tapping & transferring energy in cellular activities
ADP (meaning, found, made up of)(H/L)
=adenosine diphosphate
found in cells of all organisms
made up of: the base adenine, a 5 carbon sugar, 2 phosphate groups
Low
how is ATP formed
ADP & another phosphate group
ATP (meaning, features, use )(H/L)
M - adenosine triphosphate
F - stores energy in cell
F - cant hold energy for long reverts back to ADP
F - most cells release ATP 10 million times a second
U - used for cellular reactions
high energy
NADP+ (meaning, use) (H/L)
=nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
photosynthesis
Low
How is NADPH formed
NADP+ + 2 electrons + H+
NADPH (H/L) + use
very high
forms glucose in photosynthesis
NAD+ (meaning, use)
=nicotine adenine dunucleotide
respiration
