the British war effort (1793-1815) Flashcards
when did William Pitt the Younger become PM?
1783
why did Pitt resign in 1801?
he resigned over King George III’s opposition over including Catholics in the Armed Forces
who became PM after Pitt in 1801?
Henry Addington
when did Pitt return as PM?
1805
when did Pitt die?
January 1806
what did Pitt do in his first term?
restored Britain’s finances after the War of Independence
held the First Coalition together through large subsidies
which countries composed the First Coalition?
Britain
Austria
Prussia
Netherlands
Spain
Sardinia
which countries composed the Second and Third Coalition?
Britain
Austria
Russia
what led to the collapse of the coalitions?
French military victory
what were subsidies?
sums of money given to Britain’s allies
what did Addington do in office?
signed the Treaty of Amiens which created peace with France
when was the Treaty of Amiens signed?
March 1802
when did the French restart the war?
May 1803
what was the Ministry of All the Talents?
an administrative ministry formed after the death of Pitt by Grenville
what did the Ministry of All the Talents achieve?
they failed at making peace with the French
when did Grenville resign?
1807
why did Grenville resign?
he tried to appease the Catholics by allowing them to join the Armed Forces, which the King refused
who was PM after Grenville?
The Duke of Portland
when did The Duke of Portland die?
October 1809
which 2 ministers fought each other in government in 1809?
Castlereagh and Canning
showed that government was not united
who was PM after The Duke of Portland?
Spencer Perceval
what did Perceval contribute to the war effort?
he ensured there was funding for the wars in Spain and Portugal
when was Perceval assassinated?
May 1812 by a merchantman
who was PM after Perceval?
Lord Liverpool
what was the problem with government bureaucracy in the early 1800s?
it was extremely corrupt and inefficient
what commissions exposed corruption in the Army and Navy?
Commission of Naval Revision
Commission of Military Enquiry
what led to a reduction in corruption?
ancient customs were abandoned
money was saved
stricter accounting methods
sinecures dropped
what were sinecures?
well paid jobs which required little work
which bank were loans raised from?
the City of London